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      Correlação entre Testes para Avaliação da Vitalidade Fetal, pH da Artéria Umbilical e os Resultados Neonatais em Gestações de Alto Risco Translated title: Correlation between the Assessment of Fetal Well-being, Umbilical Artery pH at Birth and the Neonatal Results in High-risk Pregnancies

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          Abstract

          Objetivos: analisar a relação entre valores de pH no nascimento, testes de vitalidade fetal e resultados neonatais. Métodos: foram incluídas 1346 pacientes com gestação de alto risco atendidas no Setor de Vitalidade Fetal do HCFMUSP. Para estudo do bem-estar fetal foram realizados exames de cardiotocografia, perfil biofísico fetal e índice de líquido amniótico. Após o parto foram obtidos os seguintes parâmetros dos recém-nascidos: idade gestacional no parto, sexo e peso dos recém-nascidos, índices de Apgar de 1º e 5º minutos, pH da artéria umbilical no nascimento e a ocorrência de óbito neonatal. Para estudo destes resultados neonatais, os casos foram divididos em quatro grupos: G1 (pH <7,05), G2 (pH de 7,05 a 7,14); G3 (pH de 7,15 a 7,19) e G4 (pH > ou = 7,20). Resultados: a cardiotocografia anormal relacionou-se com valores de pH inferiores a 7,20 (p = 0,001). Resultados anormais do perfil biofísico fetal (<=4) foram mais freqüentes à medida que os valores de pH decresceram (p<0,001). Resultados neonatais adversos relacionaram-se à presença de acidose no nascimento, sendo selecionados para o ajuste do modelo de regressão logística. Este modelo revelou que o "odds ratio" referente a cada condição neonatal eleva-se significativamente com o decréscimo do pH no nascimento. Conclusões: observa-se correlação significativa entre valores de pH no nascimento e resultados neonatais, sendo possível estimar o risco neonatal a que é exposto o produto conceptual utilizando-se do pH no nascimento.

          Translated abstract

          Purpose: to analyze the relationship between the values of pH at birth, fetal surveillance examinatios and neonatal results. Methods: one thousand, three hundred and forty-six high-risk pregnancies were evaluated at the Fetal Surveillance Unit. The assessment of fetal well-being included cardiotocography, fetal biophysical profile and amniotic fluid index. After birth, the perinatal results (gestational age at birth, birth weight, Apgar scores at 1st and 5th minutes, umbilical cord pH at birth) were collected. To study the results, the patients were divided into four groups: G1 (pH <7.05), G2 (pH between 7.05 and 7.14), G3 (pH between 7.15 and 7.19) and G4 (pH > or = 7.20). Results: the abnormal patterns of cardiotocography were associated with pH at birth inferior to 7.20 (p = 0.001). Abnormal results of the fetal biophysical profile (<=4) were related to decrease in pH values at birth (p<0.001). The adverse neonatal outcomes were associated with acidosis at birth, and they were selected to be analyzed by the logistic regression model, showing that the odds ratio of each adverse neonatal outcome increases significantly when the values of pH at birth decrease. Conclusions: significant correlation was found between the values of pH at birth and adverse neonatal results, providing the possibility to estimate the risk of neonatal complications according to the pH values at birth.

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          Most cited references20

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          Maternal-fetal acid-base physiology.

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            A proposal for a new method of evaluation of newborn infants

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              The effect of neuromuscular blockade on oxygen consumption and blood gases in the fetal lamb.

              In seven experiments on five chronically monitored fetal lambs (114 to 136 days' gestation), oxygen consumption, umbilical blood flow, and blood gases were measured before and after temporary paralysis of the fetus by the intravenous injection of gallamine. In two of the experiments, breathing movements were absent in the control, pre-gallamine period, and no change in oxygen consumption (VO2) was observed after the drug. In the other five experiments, breathing activity was present in the control period. After gallamine, Vo2 fell by 17%, as a result of a decline in umbilical oxygen extraction; there was no change in umbilical blood flow. In all experiments, umbilical arterial and venous Po2 values rose after paralysis, by 14% and 18%, respectively. The changes in Po2 values are probably secondary to the fall in fetal oxygen consumption. The data indicate that fetal skeletal muscle activity, in the form of breathing activity and perhaps gross body movements, contributes significantly to total fetal oxygen demands. Conversely, cessation of fetal activity in adverse situations, when oxygen supplies are limited, could aid in maximizing the delivery of the available oxygen to vital organs, such as the heart and brain.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbgo
                Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
                Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.
                Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (Rio de Janeiro )
                1806-9339
                September 2000
                : 22
                : 8
                : 503-510
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                Article
                S0100-72032000000800006
                10.1590/S0100-72032000000800006
                2471ab81-9a13-4bf9-bacb-8f8809a82c68

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-7203&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Fetal distress,Cardiotocography,Biophysical profile scores,Neonatal death,Anoxia perinatal,Cardiotocografia,Perfil biofísico fetal,Óbito neonatal

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