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      A community of flower-visiting bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) in the coastal sand dunes of northeastern Brazil

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          Abstract

          We analyzed aspects of the community structure of Apoidea of a restricted area of dunes with restinga vegetation in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Standardized samples were taken for one year, 3 times a month from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. A total of 3983 individuals (3770 females and 213 males) of 49 species, grouped into 13 morpho-functional types and belonging to five families, were collected from flowers in its majority. The fauna of Abaeté is composed by large solitary bees, best represented by Anthophoridae followed by Apidae; Halictidae; Megachilidae and Colletidae. Bees were active throughout the year, with peaks of abundance in periods of low rainfall. Daily activity was greatest between 08:00 and 14:00 hours, when relative humidity was lower and temperature higher. The abundance pattern and the richness were very similar to other habitats in the Brazilian Northeast. Of the species sampled, 49% were represented by less than eight individuals. The six most abundant species were represented by 84% of the total individuals collected. The availability of resources seems to be the main factor regulating bee flight activity in Abaeté. The foraging activity was related positively to the intensity of flowers in the field.

          Translated abstract

          Aspectos da estrutura da comunidade de Apoidea de uma área restrita de dunas com vegetação de restinga em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, foram analisados. Amostragens, com metodologia padronizada, foram realizadas durante 1 ano, 3 vezes por mês, das 6:00h às 18:00h. Um total de 3983 indivíduos (3770 fêmeas e 213 machos) de 49 espécies, agrupadas em 13 categorias morfo-funcionais, pertencentes a 5 famílias, foram coletados nas flores. Em sua maioria, a fauna de Abaeté é composta por abelhas solitárias de porte grande, cuja maior representatividade, tanto em espécies quanto em indivíduos, é de Anthophoridae, seguida por Apidae; Halictidae; Megachilidae e Colletidae. As abelhas estiveram ativas durante todo o ano, apresentando picos de abundância no período de menor precipitação pluviométrica. A atividade diária foi maior entre 8:00h e 14:00h, compreendendo o período em que a umidade relativa decrescia e a temperatura aumentava. O padrão de abundância e a riqueza foram bastante semelhantes ao de outros habitats no nordeste brasileiro. 49% das espécies amostradas foram representadas por menos de 8 indivíduos e apenas 6 espécies predominaram, representando 84% do total de indivíduos coletados. A disponibilidade de recursos parece ser o principal fator regulador da atividade de vôo das abelhas em Abaeté, ao longo do ano. A atividade de forrageamento foi relacionada positivamente com a intensidade de flores no campo.

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          Most cited references39

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          The Bees of the World

          A comprehensive, worldwide treatment of all groups of bees - 1200 genera and subgenera, including more than 16,000 species. In extensive introductory sections, Charles D. Michener examines the evolution of bees from wasps, the relations of the families of bees to one another, the evolution of bees in relation to that of flowering plants, the nesting behaviour of solitary and social bees, and the structure of immature and adult bees. Drawing on these considerations as well as the fossil record, he speculates on the attributes of the protobee, the common ancestor of all bees. He also cites the major literature on bee biology and describes the need for further research on the systematics and natural history of bees, including their importance as pollinators of crops and natural vegetation.
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            Conserving Biological Diversity through Ecosystem Resilience

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              The ecology of solitary bees

              E. Linsley (1958)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                bn
                Biota Neotropica
                Biota Neotrop.
                Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP (Campinas )
                1676-0611
                2005
                : 5
                : 2
                : 79-91
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brasil
                Article
                S1676-06032005000300005
                10.1590/S1676-06032005000300005
                251db430-e04a-46c7-8e8e-da8df14257ee

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1676-0603&lng=en
                Categories
                BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

                Animal science & Zoology
                bee's abundance,bee diversity,community structure,restinga and dunes,morpho-functional groups,Northeast Brazil,abundância,diversidade,estrutura de comunidades,restinga e dunas,grupos morfo-funcionais,Nordeste brasileiro

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