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      Schistosomus reflexus en un feto bovino en Colombia: reporte de caso Translated title: Schistosomus reflexus in a bovine fetus in Colombia: a case report

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          Abstract

          Se reporta un caso de Schistosomus reflexus ocurrido en una ganadería en Maní, Casanare, Colombia. El motivo de consulta fue una vaca con distocia, a la cual se le realizó examen obstétrico por palpación transvaginal, reportándose una malformación del ternero con exposición de vísceras abdominales. Se procede a realizar una cesárea y se extrae una cría muerta con inversión espinal, cierre incompleto de la pared ventral abdominal, exposición de vísceras abdominales y artrogriposis, compatible con Schistosomus reflexus. Este es el primer caso reportado de esta deformidad en bovinos en Colombia.

          Translated abstract

          A case of Schistosomus reflexus occurred in a cattle farm in Maní, Casanare, Colombia is reported. The reason for consultation was a cow with dystocia, who underwent obstetric examination by transvaginal palpation, reporting a malformation of the calf with exposure of abdominal viscera. A cesarean was performed and a dead calf with spinal inversion was extracted, the calf had incomplete closure of the abdominal ventral wall, exhibition of abdominal viscera and arthrogryposis, compatible with Schistosomus reflexus. This is the first reported case of this deformity in cattle in Colombia.

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          Most cited references22

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          The occurrence of schistosomus reflexus in bovine dystocia.

          The occurrence of schistosomus reflexus as a cause of bovine dystocia in south western Victoria is described. Examination of records made by 21 veterinarians during a 20-year period (1966 to 1985) showed that of 6901 cases of bovine dystocia attended, 90 (1.3%) were caused by schistosomus reflexus. Most cases (56.7%) were treated by embryotomy, 25.6% by caesarean section and 3.3% by simple traction. Treatment of the remaining 14.4% of cases was not completed and was considered hopeless, mainly because of the emphysematous condition of the foetus and the toxic condition of the cow, which gave a poor prognosis. Some of these hopeless cases were sent to slaughter, but most were euthanased by the attending veterinarian. Sixty-nine (76.7%) of the patients were cows and 21 (23.3%) were heifers. Seventy-two (80%) were dairy breeds and 18 (20%) were beef breeds. Jersey was the main dairy breed (63.8%) and Hereford the dominant beef breed.
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            Schistosomus reflexus syndrome: a heritable defect in ruminants.

            Schistosomus reflexus (SR) is a rare and fatal congenital disorder. Primarily observed in ruminants, its defining features include spinal inversion, exposure of the abdominal viscera because of a fissure of the ventral abdominal wall, limb ankylosis, positioning of the limbs adjacent to the skull and, lung and diaphragm hypoplasia. Variable components of SR include scoliosis, cleft sternum, exposure of thoracic viscera, and abnormalities of the digestive and urogenital systems. This report presents the findings from an anatomical analysis of a female Holstein SR calf with thoracoschisis, scoliosis and anomalies of the appendicular skeleton, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and urogenital systems. Many of these malformations have not been previously reported. The reproductive tract of this case is particularly unique, displaying Muellerian duct abnormalities. These abnormalities suggest SR occurs as early as the post-gastrulation embryo and involves the intermediate mesoderm. Preliminary analysis of associated cases suggests that SR has a genetic aetiology.
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              Pedigree analysis of Czech Holstein calves with schistosoma reflexum

              Background Schistosoma reflexum (SR) is congenital syndrome briefly characterized by visceral eventration, severe dorsoflexion and ankylosis of the spine and arthrogryposis. A genetic etiology has been proposed, but conclusive evidence has not yet been provided. Methods Pedigree analysis was carried out in 29 cases of SR in Czech Holsteins and Holstein crosses. Genetic relationship was evaluated and inbreeding coefficients calculated. Pedigrees of 15 Czech Holsteins fathering non-SR affected calves were used for comparison. Results Twenty-one cases occurred in one pedigree founded by three sires while three SR calves occurred in another pedigree with a common grandfather. The sex ratio between affected males and females was 11:6. Affected calves shared common ancestors different from those shared by the unaffected calves. The inbreeding coefficient in the SR affected calves was not increased compared to unaffected calves. Conclusions The findings are consistent with SR being inherited autosomal recessively. Further studies are however needed to confirm this and therefore a breeding trial is recommended where a suspected heterozygous sire is mated to closely related females.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rivep
                Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Perú
                Rev. investig. vet. Perú
                Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria (Lima, , Peru )
                1609-9117
                October 2018
                : 29
                : 4
                : 1571-1574
                Affiliations
                [02] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad de la Salle Colombia
                [01] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad de la Salle orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias orgdiv2Programa de Medicina Veterinaria Colombia
                Article
                S1609-91172018000400056
                10.15381/rivep,v29i4.14248
                279c3bcf-ec37-443c-9af0-2242ef4683b1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 30 January 2018
                : 18 July 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 22, Pages: 4
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Comunicaciones

                congénito,feto,obstetricia,cesárea,anomaly,caesarean section,congenital,anomalía,obstetrics,fetus

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