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      Estrategias distributivas presidenciales en contextos cambiantes de centralización fiscal y nacionalización partidaria: Transferencias discrecionales en Argentina durante presidenciales peronistas Translated title: Presidents' distributive strategies under different contexts of fiscal centralization and party system nationalization: Discretionary transfers during Peronist governments in Argentina

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          Abstract

          Se analizan las estrategias distributivas presidenciales en países federales en contextos cambiantes de centralización fiscal y nacionalización del sistema de partidos, mediante el estudio de la distribución de transferencias discrecionales a las provincias argentinas y comparando dos períodos en que presidentes del mismo partido enfrentaron contextos diferentes: 1) descentralización fiscal y nacionalización partidaria durante las presidencias de Carlos Menem; y 2) centralización fiscal y desnacionalización del sistema de partidos durante las presidencias de Néstor Kirchner y Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. El análisis muestra que la distribución obedeció a consideraciones estratégicas, aunque en el primer contexto se premió a los distritos sobrerrepresentados en el Congreso Nacional y, en el segundo, a aquellas provincias cuyos gobernadores pertenecían al mismo partido que el presidente.

          Translated abstract

          This paper analyzes the distributive strategies of presidents in federal countries under different contexts of fiscal centralization and party system nationalization by studying the allocation of discretionary fiscal transfers to the Argentine provinces and comparing two periods in which presidents from the same political party (Peronist) operated under different contexts: one of fiscal decentralization and party system nationalization during Carlos Menem's presidencies; and another of fiscal centralization and party system denationalization during the presidencies of Néstor Kirchner and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. The analysis shows that in both cases the distribution followed strategic considerations even when this means, in the first case, to reward the over represented provinces and, in the second, the copartisan ones.

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          Most cited references90

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          Scaling Down: The Subnational Comparative Method

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            An Essay on Fiscal Federalism

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              A Rentier Theory of Subnational Regimes: Fiscal Federalism, Democracy, and Authoritarianism in the Argentine Provinces

              Levels of subnational democracy vary significantly within countries around the world. Drawing on fiscal theories of the state, the author argues that this variance is often explained by a type of rentierism that is not geographically determined by natural resources but politically created by certain fiscal federalism arrangements. He posits that less democratic regimes are more likely in rentier provinces—those that receive disproportionately large central government transfers and practically forgo local taxation. Intergovernmental revenue-sharing rules that produce large vertical fiscal imbalances and favor the economically smaller districts provide their incumbents with generous “fiscal federalism rents” that allow them to restrict democratic contestation and weaken checks and balances. Statistical evidence from a panel data set of the Argentine provinces strongly confirms this expectation, even after controlling for standard alternative explanations such as level of development. Sensitivity analysis shows that this finding is extremely robust to alternative panel estimators. Qualitative and quantitative evidence suggests that the effect of heavy public spending on the economic autonomy of political actors is the main causal mechanism at work.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                revcipol
                Revista de ciencia política (Santiago)
                Rev. cienc. polít. (Santiago)
                Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Instituto de Ciencia Política (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-090X
                2014
                : 34
                : 3
                : 561-582
                Affiliations
                [03] Buenos Aires orgnameUniversidad Torcuato Di Tella Argentina emilia.simison@ 123456mail.utdt.edu
                [02] Buenos Aires orgnameConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Argentina
                [01] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani Argentina
                Article
                S0718-090X2014000300003 S0718-090X(14)03400300003
                10.4067/S0718-090X2014000300003
                2872629c-616c-4267-90bc-12ec3c93b5a8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 54, Pages: 22
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS

                Fiscal Federalism,nacionalización,centralización,peronismo,estrategias presidenciales,Federalismo fiscal,Nationalization,Centralization,Peronism,Presidential strategies

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