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      Isotonic saline nasal irrigation in clinical practice: a literature review Translated title: O uso da ducha nasal com solução salina na prática clínica: uma revisão da literatura

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          Abstract

          Abstract Introduction: Nasal instillation of saline solution has been used as part of the treatment of patients with upper respiratory tract diseases. Despite its use for a number of years, factors such as the amount of saline solution to be used, degree of salinity, method and frequency of application have yet to be fully explained. Objective: Review the reported outcomes of saline nasal irrigation in adults with allergic rhinitis, acute or chronic sinusitis and after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), and provide evidence to assist physiotherapists in decision making in clinical practice. Methods: A search was conducted of the Pubmed and Cochrane Library databases between 2007 and 2014. A combination of the following descriptors was used as a search strategy: nasal irrigation, nasal lavage, rhinitis, sinusitis, saline, saline solution. Results: Eight clinical trials were included, analyzed according to participant diagnosis. Conclusion: The evidence found was heterogeneous, but contributed to elucidating uncertainties regarding the use of nasal lavage in the clinical practice of physical therapy, such as the protocols used.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Introdução: A instilação nasal de solução salina tem sido utilizada como parte do tratamento de pacientes com doenças do trato respiratório superior. Apesar de ser utilizada há vários anos, fatores como: quantidade da solução a ser instilada, grau de salinidade, modo e frequência de aplicação ainda não foram totalmente elucidados. Objetivo: Revisar os desfechos evidenciados no uso da irrigação nasal salina em adultos com rinite alérgica, sinusite aguda ou crônica e em pós-operatório de cirurgia endoscópica dos seios da face (CES) além de fornecer evidências para a tomada de decisões do fisioterapeuta na sua prática clínica. Métodos: Realizou--se uma busca nas bases de dados Pubmed e Cochrane Library no período compreendido entre 2007 e 2014. Foi utilizada como estratégia a combinação dos seguintes descritores: nasal irrigation, nasal lavage, rhinits, sinusitis, saline, saline solution. Resultados: Foram incluídos oito ensaios clínicos, analisados de acordo com o diagnóstico dos participantes. Conclusão: As evidências encontradas mostraram-se heterogêneas, mas contribuíram para elucidar alguns pontos obscuros na prática clínica da fisioterapia com relação ao uso da ducha nasal, como por exemplo, os protocolos utilizados.

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          Most cited references39

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          Productivity losses related to the common cold.

          Health-related productivity assessments typically focus on chronic conditions; however, acute conditions, particularly colds, have the potential to cause substantial health-related productivity losses because of their high prevalence in working-age groups. This article presents the findings of a study conducted to estimate productivity loss due to cold by using a telephone-administered survey that measured three sources of loss: absenteeism, on-the-job productivity, and caregiver absenteeism. Each cold experienced by a working adult caused an average of 8.7 lost work hours (2.8 absenteeism hours; 5.9 hours of on-the-job loss), and 1.2 work hours were lost because of attending to children under the age of 13 who were suffering from colds. We conclude that the economic cost of lost productivity due to the common cold approaches $25 billion, of which $16.6 billion is attributed to on-the-job productivity loss, $8 billion is attributed to absenteeism, and $230 million is attributed to caregiver absenteeism.
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            Mucociliary clearance and buffered hypertonic saline solution.

            Nasal irrigations have been used for centuries without any scientific data to determine efficacy. For 10 years, the senior author has used buffered hypertonic saline nasal irrigation for patients with acute/chronic sinusitis and for those having undergone sinus surgery. A simple study was undertaken using volunteers without any significant sinonasal disease. Patients served as their own control using a saccharin clearance test before any nasal irrigation was used. Patients then used one of two solutions to irrigate their nose-buffered normal saline or buffered hypertonic saline-and were then retested. On a separate day, the control test was repeated, followed by irrigation with the alternate solution and a second saccharin clearance test. The outcome showed buffered hypertonic saline nasal irrigation to improve mucociliary transit times of saccharin, while buffered normal saline had no such effect.
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              Clinical study and literature review of nasal irrigation.

              Nasal disease, including chronic rhinosinusitis and allergic rhinitis, is a significant source of morbidity. Nasal irrigation has been used as an adjunctive treatment of sinonasal disease. However, despite an abundance of anecdotal reports, there has been little statistical evidence to support its efficacy. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the use of pulsatile hypertonic saline nasal irrigation in the treatment of sinonasal disease. A prospective controlled clinical study. Two hundred eleven patients from the University of California, San Diego (San Diego, CA) Nasal Dysfunction Clinic with sinonasal disease (including allergic rhinitis, aging rhinitis, atrophic rhinitis, and postnasal drip) and 20 disease-free control subjects were enrolled. Patients irrigated their nasal cavities using hypertonic saline delivered by a Water Pik device using a commercially available nasal adapter twice daily for 3 to 6 weeks. Patients rated nasal disease-specific symptoms and completed a self-administered quality of well-being questionnaire before intervention and at follow-up. Patients who used nasal irrigation for the treatment of sinonasal disease experienced statistically significant improvements in 23 of the 30 nasal symptoms queried. Improvement was also measured in the global assessment of health status using the Quality of Well-Being scale. Nasal irrigation is effective in improving symptoms and the health status of patients with sinonasal disease.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                fm
                Fisioterapia em Movimento
                Fisioter. mov.
                Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                1980-5918
                September 2017
                : 30
                : 3
                : 639-649
                Affiliations
                [1] Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais orgnameFaculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [2] Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                Article
                S0103-51502017000300639
                10.1590/1980-5918.030.003.ar04
                28b31bed-261a-49e1-9eb3-3ac319b79ff5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 March 2017
                : 09 December 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 41, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                Sinusitis,Transporte Mucociliar,Sinusite,Rinite,Soluções Isotônicas,Mucociliary Transport,Isotonic Solutions,Rhinitis

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