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      Antifungal Development and the Urgency of Minimizing the Impact of Fungal Diseases on Public Health

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          Abstract

          Fungal infections are a major public health problem resulting from the lack of public policies addressing these diseases, toxic and/or expensive therapeutic tools, scarce diagnostic tests, and unavailable vaccines. In this Perspective, we discuss the need for novel antifungal alternatives, highlighting new initiatives based on drug repurposing and the development of novel antifungals.

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          Drug repurposing: progress, challenges and recommendations

          Sudeep Pushpakom, Francesco Iorio, Patrick A. Eyers … (2018)
          Given the high attrition rates, substantial costs and slow pace of new drug discovery and development, repurposing of 'old' drugs to treat both common and rare diseases is increasingly becoming an attractive proposition because it involves the use of de-risked compounds, with potentially lower overall development costs and shorter development timelines. Various data-driven and experimental approaches have been suggested for the identification of repurposable drug candidates; however, there are also major technological and regulatory challenges that need to be addressed. In this Review, we present approaches used for drug repurposing (also known as drug repositioning), discuss the challenges faced by the repurposing community and recommend innovative ways by which these challenges could be addressed to help realize the full potential of drug repurposing.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1030 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillosis.

            J P Latgé (1999)
            Aspergillus fumigatus is one of the most ubiquitous of the airborne saprophytic fungi. Humans and animals constantly inhale numerous conidia of this fungus. The conidia are normally eliminated in the immunocompetent host by innate immune mechanisms, and aspergilloma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, uncommon clinical syndromes, are the only infections observed in such hosts. Thus, A. fumigatus was considered for years to be a weak pathogen. With increases in the number of immunosuppressed patients, however, there has been a dramatic increase in severe and usually fatal invasive aspergillosis, now the most common mold infection worldwide. In this review, the focus is on the biology of A. fumigatus and the diseases it causes. Included are discussions of (i) genomic and molecular characterization of the organism, (ii) clinical and laboratory methods available for the diagnosis of aspergillosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts, (iii) identification of host and fungal factors that play a role in the establishment of the fungus in vivo, and (iv) problems associated with antifungal therapy.
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              Simultaneous Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Candida auris on 3 Continents Confirmed by Whole-Genome Sequencing and Epidemiological Analyses.

              Shawn Lockhart, Kizee Etienne, Snigdha Vallabhaneni … (2017)
              Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant yeast that causes invasive infections, was first described in 2009 in Japan and has since been reported from several countries.
              Article 0 comments Cited 381 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): ACS Bio Med Chem Au
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): ACS Bio Med Chem Au
                Journal ID (publisher-id): bg
                Journal ID (coden): abmcb8
                Title: ACS Bio & Med Chem Au
                Publisher: American Chemical Society
                ISSN (Electronic): 2694-2437
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 November 2022
                Publication date Collection: 19 April 2023
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 137-146
                Affiliations
                [† ]Instituto Carlos Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) , Curitiba81310-020, Brazil
                [‡ ]Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro21941-902, Brazil
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-3439
                Article
                DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.2c00055
                PMC ID: 10125384
                PubMed ID: 37101810
                SO-VID: 28b4007f-898e-4134-aa1e-59cb68b65501
                Copyright © © 2022 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society
                License:

                Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 31 August 2022
                Date accepted : 04 November 2022
                Date revision received : 03 November 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: US-UK Fulbright Commission, doi 10.13039/501100000592;
                Award ID: NA
                Funded by: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, doi 10.13039/501100006507;
                Award ID: NA
                Funded by: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, doi 10.13039/501100003593;
                Award ID: NA
                Categories
                Subject: Perspective
                Custom metadata
                document-id-old-9 bg2c00055
                document-id-new-14 bg2c00055
                ccc-price

                Keywords: antifungals drugs,antifungal pipeline,fungal infections,emerging fungal species,neglected diseases
                Data availability:
                Keywords: antifungals drugs, antifungal pipeline, fungal infections, emerging fungal species, neglected diseases

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