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      LAS ANTOCIANINAS COMO COLORANTES NATURALES Y COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS: REVISIÓN Translated title: Anthocyanins As Natural Colorants And Bioactive Compounds: A Review

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          Abstract

          En la actualidad existe una demanda considerable de colorantes naturales alternativos a los colorantes sintéticos, como el rojo No. 40, debido a su toxicidad en alimentos, cosméticos y productos farmacéuticos. Las antocianinas son pigmentos vegetales con gran potencial para el reemplazo competitivo de colorantes sintéticos; por tanto es de gran importancia conocer los aspectos bioquímicos que enmarcan estos pigmentos. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer un esquema actualizado sobre el potencial de las antocianinas como colorantes de origen natural, y de sus propiedades químicas y bioactivas. Las antocianinas son pigmentos responsables de la gama de colores que abarcan desde el rojo hasta el azul de muchas frutas, vegetales y cereales. El interés en estos pigmentos se ha intensificado gracias a sus posibles efectos terapéuticos y benéficos, dentro de los cuales se encuentran la reducción de la enfermedad coronaria, los efectos anticancerígenos, antitumorales, antiinflamatorios y antidiabéticos; además del mejoramiento de la agudeza visual y del comportamiento cognitivo. Las propiedades bioactivas de las antocianinas abren una nueva perspectiva para la obtención de productos coloreados con valor agregado para el consumo humano.

          Translated abstract

          At present there is a considerable demand for natural colorants to replace synthetic ones such red No. 40 due to their toxicity when added to food products, pharmaceuticals or cosmetics. Anthocyanins are vegetable pigments with high potential for replacement of synthetic dyes. Consequently, it is important to know the biochemical aspects that characterize these pigments. The objective of this review is to offer an updated overview of the potential of anthocyanins as natural colorants and their chemical and bioactive properties. Anthocyanins are pigments responsible for colors varying between red and purple in many fruits, vegetables and cereals. Interest in these pigments has intensified due not only to their potential as natural colorants, but also because of their therapeutic properties. Health benefits associated with anthocyanin extracts include reduced risk of coronary heart disease, anticarcinogen and antitumoral activity, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects, improved visual acuity, and improved cognitive behavior. The bioactive properties of anthocyaninas open new perspectives for the use of these pigments in obtaining value-added colored products for human consumption.

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          Most cited references45

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          Recent advances in the biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins.

          This review describes biochemistry, molecular biology and regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis, with particular emphasis on mechanistic features and late steps of anthocyanin biosynthesis including glycosylation and vacuolar sequestration. The literature from 1997 to the beginning of 2002 is reviewed, and 163 references are cited.
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            Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

            We undertook a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial to test whether intake of artificial food colour and additives (AFCA) affected childhood behaviour. 153 3-year-old and 144 8/9-year-old children were included in the study. The challenge drink contained sodium benzoate and one of two AFCA mixes (A or B) or a placebo mix. The main outcome measure was a global hyperactivity aggregate (GHA), based on aggregated z-scores of observed behaviours and ratings by teachers and parents, plus, for 8/9-year-old children, a computerised test of attention. This clinical trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials (registration number ISRCTN74481308). Analysis was per protocol. 16 3-year-old children and 14 8/9-year-old children did not complete the study, for reasons unrelated to childhood behaviour. Mix A had a significantly adverse effect compared with placebo in GHA for all 3-year-old children (effect size 0.20 [95% CI 0.01-0.39], p=0.044) but not mix B versus placebo. This result persisted when analysis was restricted to 3-year-old children who consumed more than 85% of juice and had no missing data (0.32 [0.05-0.60], p=0.02). 8/9-year-old children showed a significantly adverse effect when given mix A (0.12 [0.02-0.23], p=0.023) or mix B (0.17 [0.07-0.28], p=0.001) when analysis was restricted to those children consuming at least 85% of drinks with no missing data. Artificial colours or a sodium benzoate preservative (or both) in the diet result in increased hyperactivity in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the general population.
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              Anthocyanin Pigments-Bioactivity and Coloring Properties

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                abc
                Acta Biológica Colombiana
                Acta biol.Colomb.
                Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología (Bogotá )
                0120-548X
                December 2008
                : 13
                : 3
                : 27-36
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia
                Article
                S0120-548X2008000300002
                2927ca22-08da-4fa2-a941-800941d716be

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0120-548X&lng=en
                Categories
                BIOLOGY

                General life sciences
                anthocyanins,natural colorants,bioactivity,antocianinas,colorantes naturales,bioactividad

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