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      Nachhaltige Steigerung der Aktivität durch Rehabilitation Translated title: Sustainable increase of physical activity by rehabilitation

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          Abstract

          Patienten mit muskuloskeletalen Erkrankungen sind deutlich weniger körperlich aktiv als Gesunde. Sie können von einer Steigerung der körperlichen Aktivität und einer nachhaltigen Veränderung des Lebensstils in vielerlei Hinsicht profitieren, wozu eine stationäre Rehabilitation in erheblichem Maße beitragen kann. In dieser prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie (Prä-Post-Design) wurden körperliche Aktivität (mit dem Freiburger Fragebogen zur körperlichen Aktivität) und Depressivität (mit dem Beck-Depressions-Inventar [BDI]) bei 202 Rehabilitanden (124 weiblich, 77 männlich) mit muskuloskeletalen Erkrankungen (ICD-Diagnosen M) zu verschiedenen Katamnesezeitpunkten (zu Beginn der Reha, nach 3, 6, 9 und 12 Monaten) erhoben. Die Aktivitätssteigerung wurde in Abhängigkeit vom Ausgangslevel und der Depressivität analysiert. Drei Monate nach Rehabilitation lag das Aktivitätsniveau 47,8 % über dem Ausgangsniveau, was einer Steigerung der Medianaktivität von 5 auf 7,2 h pro Woche entspricht; 78,6 % der Teilnehmer zeigten nach 3 Monaten eine positive Differenz zum Ausgangsniveau. Der BDI-Score nahm im Mittel bei Durchführung der Rehabilitationsmaßnahme ab; eine Korrelation zwischen Abnahme des Scores und Zunahme der körperlichen Aktivität konnte nicht gezeigt werden. Durch eine 1‑malige Intervention (3-wöchige Rehabilitation) gelang eine Steigerung der körperlichen Aktivität über 12 Monate, wobei die Höhe der Aktivitätssteigerung nicht mit dem Ausgangslevel korreliert war, sodass auch bislang inaktive Patienten von der Reha profitierten.

          Translated abstract

          Patients with musculoskeletal diseases are much less physically active than healthy individuals. They could benefit from an increase in physical activity and a sustainable change in lifestyle in many ways, to which inpatient rehabilitation can make a substantial contribution. In this prospective observational study (pre-post design), physical activity (using the Freiburg physical activity questionnaire) and depressiveness (using the Beck depression inventory, BDI) were assessed in 202 rehabilitation patients (124 female, 77 male) with musculoskeletal disorders (ICD diagnoses M) at different catamnestic points in time (at the beginning of rehabilitation, after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). The increase in activity was analyzed as a function of the activity level at the beginning as well as depressiveness. At 3 months after rehabilitation activity levels were 47.8% higher than at the beginning, corresponding to an increase in median activity from 5 to 7.2 h per week. Of the participants 78.6% showed a positive difference to the starting level after 3 months. The mean BDI score decreased during the rehabilitation intervention; a correlation between decreasing BDI and increasing physical activity could not be shown. A single intervention (3-week rehabilitation) succeeded in increasing physical activity over 12 months, whereby the increase in physical activity did not correlate with the initial activity level, concluding that even previously inactive patients benefit from rehabilitation.

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          American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise.

          The purpose of this Position Stand is to provide guidance to professionals who counsel and prescribe individualized exercise to apparently healthy adults of all ages. These recommendations also may apply to adults with certain chronic diseases or disabilities, when appropriately evaluated and advised by a health professional. This document supersedes the 1998 American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Position Stand, "The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Healthy Adults." The scientific evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of exercise is indisputable, and the benefits of exercise far outweigh the risks in most adults. A program of regular exercise that includes cardiorespiratory, resistance, flexibility, and neuromotor exercise training beyond activities of daily living to improve and maintain physical fitness and health is essential for most adults. The ACSM recommends that most adults engage in moderate-intensity cardiorespiratory exercise training for ≥30 min·d on ≥5 d·wk for a total of ≥150 min·wk, vigorous-intensity cardiorespiratory exercise training for ≥20 min·d on ≥3 d·wk (≥75 min·wk), or a combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise to achieve a total energy expenditure of ≥500-1000 MET·min·wk. On 2-3 d·wk, adults should also perform resistance exercises for each of the major muscle groups, and neuromotor exercise involving balance, agility, and coordination. Crucial to maintaining joint range of movement, completing a series of flexibility exercises for each the major muscle-tendon groups (a total of 60 s per exercise) on ≥2 d·wk is recommended. The exercise program should be modified according to an individual's habitual physical activity, physical function, health status, exercise responses, and stated goals. Adults who are unable or unwilling to meet the exercise targets outlined here still can benefit from engaging in amounts of exercise less than recommended. In addition to exercising regularly, there are health benefits in concurrently reducing total time engaged in sedentary pursuits and also by interspersing frequent, short bouts of standing and physical activity between periods of sedentary activity, even in physically active adults. Behaviorally based exercise interventions, the use of behavior change strategies, supervision by an experienced fitness instructor, and exercise that is pleasant and enjoyable can improve adoption and adherence to prescribed exercise programs. Educating adults about and screening for signs and symptoms of CHD and gradual progression of exercise intensity and volume may reduce the risks of exercise. Consultations with a medical professional and diagnostic exercise testing for CHD are useful when clinically indicated but are not recommended for universal screening to enhance the safety of exercise.
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            Exercise as medicine - evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases.

            This review provides the reader with the up-to-date evidence-based basis for prescribing exercise as medicine in the treatment of 26 different diseases: psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia); neurological diseases (dementia, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis); metabolic diseases (obesity, hyperlipidemia, metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes); cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cerebral apoplexy, and claudication intermittent); pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis); musculo-skeletal disorders (osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, back pain, rheumatoid arthritis); and cancer. The effect of exercise therapy on disease pathogenesis and symptoms are given and the possible mechanisms of action are discussed. We have interpreted the scientific literature and for each disease, we provide the reader with our best advice regarding the optimal type and dose for prescription of exercise.
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              2018 EULAR recommendations for physical activity in people with inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis

              Regular physical activity (PA) is increasingly promoted for people with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases as well as the general population. We evaluated if the public health recommendations for PA are applicable for people with inflammatory arthritis (iA; Rheumatoid Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis) and osteoarthritis (hip/knee OA) in order to develop evidence-based recommendations for advice and guidance on PA in clinical practice. The EULAR standardised operating procedures for the development of recommendations were followed. A task force (TF) (including rheumatologists, other medical specialists and physicians, health professionals, patient-representatives, methodologists) from 16 countries met twice. In the first TF meeting, 13 research questions to support a systematic literature review (SLR) were identified and defined. In the second meeting, the SLR evidence was presented and discussed before the recommendations, research agenda and education agenda were formulated. The TF developed and agreed on four overarching principles and 10 recommendations for PA in people with iA and OA. The mean level of agreement between the TF members ranged between 9.8 and 8.8. Given the evidence for its effectiveness, feasibility and safety, PA is advocated as integral part of standard care throughout the course of these diseases. Finally, the TF agreed on related research and education agendas. Evidence and expert opinion inform these recommendations to provide guidance in the development, conduct and evaluation of PA-interventions and promotion in people with iA and OA. It is advised that these recommendations should be implemented considering individual needs and national health systems.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                info@reuss-borst-medizin.de
                Journal
                Z Rheumatol
                Z Rheumatol
                Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                0340-1855
                1435-1250
                23 March 2022
                23 March 2022
                2022
                : 81
                : 5
                : 393-399
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Schwerpunktpraxis für Rheumatologie, Frankenstr. 36, 97708 Bad Bocklet, Deutschland
                [2 ]GRID grid.7450.6, ISNI 0000 0001 2364 4210, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, ; Göttingen, Deutschland
                [3 ]Abteilung Orthopädie, Rehazentrum Bad Bocklet, Bad Bocklet, Deutschland
                Author notes
                [Redaktion]

                Uwe Lange, Bad Nauheim

                Dirk Meyer-Olson, Bad Pyrmont

                Article
                1179
                10.1007/s00393-022-01179-4
                9156499
                35320394
                2b0e27af-0e68-4abb-a131-707167fc18ad
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open Access Dieser Artikel wird unter der Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International Lizenz veröffentlicht, welche die Nutzung, Vervielfältigung, Bearbeitung, Verbreitung und Wiedergabe in jeglichem Medium und Format erlaubt, sofern Sie den/die ursprünglichen Autor(en) und die Quelle ordnungsgemäß nennen, einen Link zur Creative Commons Lizenz beifügen und angeben, ob Änderungen vorgenommen wurden.

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                History
                : 29 December 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (1018)
                Categories
                Originalien
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2022

                Rheumatology
                körperliche aktivität,rheuma,muskuloskeletale erkrankungen,lebensstil,reha-dauer,physical activity,rheumatic diseases,musculoskeletal disorders,lifestyle,rehabilitation duration

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