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      A new araucarian fossil species from the Paleogene of southern Argentina Translated title: Una nueva especie fósil de Araucaria del Paleógeno de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina

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          Abstract

          A new Araucariaceaea from the Paleogene of Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina is described. Araucaria pararaucana sp. nov. has imbricate, ovate-lanceolate leaves with an acute apex, characterized by the presence of discontinuous and longitudinally oriented stomatal rows separated by epidermal cells, which may be slightly sinuous. Stomatal guard cell surface is granular. These fossil leaves are compared with the extant sections Bunya, Intermedia and Araucaria. Their anatomical characters along with the external morphology suggest a close affinity with the extant southern Patagonian species A. araucana (Molina) K. Koch. The record of this new late Eocene species provides more evidence for a probable unique representation of Section Araucaria in the area during the Tertiary.

          Translated abstract

          Se describe una nueva especie de Araucariaceae del Paleógeno de Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Araucaria pararaucana sp. nov. se caracteriza por sus hojas imbricadas, ovado-lanceoladas con un ápice agudo. Sus caracteres anatómicos permiten una estrecha comparación con las actuales secciones Bunya, Intermedia y Araucaria. La presencia de hileras discontinuas de estomas orientados longitudinalmente, separadas por células epidérmicas que pueden ser algo sinuosas, la superficie granular de las células de cierre, junto con la morfología externa nos permiten compararla con la especie Araucaria araucana (Molina) K. Koch, actualmente restringida a la Patagonia austral. Esta especie del Eoceno tardío es una nueva evidencia de la exclusiva representación de la Sección Araucariadurante el Terciario en el área.

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          Most cited references32

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          Tertiary Flora from the Rio Pichileufu, Argentina

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            Phylogenetic relationships within Araucariaceae based on rbcL gene sequences.

            Phylogenetic relationships were determined in the Araucariaceae, which are now found mainly in the Southern Hemisphere. This conifer family was well diversified and widely distributed in both hemispheres during the Mesozoic era. The sequence of 1322 bases of the rbcL gene of cpDNA was determined from 29 species of Araucariaceae, representing almost all the species of the family. Phylogenetic trees determined by the parsimony method indicate that Araucariaceae are well defined by rbcL sequences and also that the monophyly of Agathis or Araucaria is well supported by high bootstrap values. The topology of these trees revealed that Wollemia had derived prior to Agathis and Araucaria. The rbcL phylogeny agrees well with the present recognition of four sections within Araucaria: Araucaria, Bunya, Eutacta, and Intermedia. Morphological characteristics of the number of cotyledons, position of male cone, and cuticular micromorphologies were evaluated as being phylogenetically informative. Section Bunya was found to be derived rather than to be the oldest taxon. Infrageneric relationships of Agathis could not be well elucidated because there are few informative site changes in the rbcL gene, suggesting the more recent differentiation of the species as their fossil records indicate. The New Caledonian Araucaria and Agathis species each formed a monophyletic group with very low differentiation in rbcL sequences among them, indicating rapid adaptive radiation to new edaphic conditions, i.e., ultramafic soils, in the post-Eocene era.
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              Some Morphological Features of Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis: Araucariaceae) and Their Comparison to Cretaceous Plant Fossils

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ameg
                Ameghiniana
                Ameghiniana
                Asociación Paleontológica Argentina (Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                0002-7014
                1851-8044
                March 2007
                : 44
                : 1
                : 215-222
                Affiliations
                [01] Buenos Aires orgnameMuseo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia Argentina
                [02] Buenos Aires orgnameInstituto Antártico Argentino Argentina
                [03] Ushuaia Tierra del Fuego orgnameCentro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas Argentina
                Article
                S0002-70142007000100016
                2b8313e6-dcb0-45ee-bfbb-b21b79a5a9da

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 August 2006
                : 01 September 2005
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 27, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Argentina


                Gymnosperms,Araucariaceae,Araucaria,Cuticle,Paleogene,Argentina,Gimnospermas,Cutícula,Paleógeno

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