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      A vegetação de canga no Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais: caracterização e contexto fitogeográfico Translated title: Canga vegetation in the Iron Quadrangle, Minas Gerais: characterization and phytogeographical context

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          Abstract

          A vegetação nas cangas (afloramentos ferruginosos) abriga dezenas de espécies raras, várias novidades taxonômicas e elevada diversidade alfa e beta. Utilizando um banco de dados constituído por 1.080 táxons de angiospermas, a vegetação associada às cangas no Quadrilátero Ferrífero foi caracterizada a partir dos elementos florísticos, das formas de crescimento e das fisionomias mais frequentes. Analisou-se a distribuição geográfica e os domínios fitogeográficos de 980 espécies. Ainda, com o objetivo de verificar se há distinção entre a vegetação das cangas em relação às de cinco áreas inseridas em sistemas rupestres de Minas Gerais e Bahia, analisou-se a similaridade a partir do número de espécies de 920 gêneros de angiospermas. Em comparação aos sistemas quartzíticos, principalmente os inseridos na Cadeia do Espinhaço, pode-se distinguir a vegetação das cangas pela maior influência de elementos florísticos do domínio Atlântico, maior frequência de sinúsias formadas por árvores e arbustos, riqueza elevada de espécies de gêneros como Solanum e Cattleya e pouca representatividade fisionômica de alguns gêneros típicos dos campos rupestres. Essa distinção parece correlacionar-se com a localização geográfica do Quadrilátero e com as características geomorfológicas e mineralógicas das cangas.

          Translated abstract

          The vegetation in cangas (ironstone outcrops) houses dozens of rare species, several taxonomic novelties, and high alpha and beta diversity. Using a database consisting of 1080 angiosperm taxa, the vegetation associated with cangas in the Iron Quadrangle was characterized by its floristic elements, growth forms, and most frequent physiognomies. We analyzed the geographic distribution and the phytogeographic dominions of the 980 species. Also, in order to verify distinctions between canga vegetation in relation to five areas embedded in rupestral systems of Minas Gerais and Bahia, we analyzed the similarity of 920 angiosperm genera based in the species number. Compared to other rocky systems, especially those within the Espinhaço Range, canga vegetation is distinguished by the greater influence of floristic elements from the Atlantic dominion, greater frequency of arboreal and shrubby sinusiae, high abundance of genera like Solanum and Cattleya, and little physiognomic representation of some typically 'campos rupestres' genera. This distinction appears to be correlated with the geographic location of the Iron Quadrangle as well as the mineral and geomorphological characteristics of cangas.

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          Lista de espécies da flora do Brasil

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            Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil — aspectos sociológicos e floristicos

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              Rock outcrop vegetation in Brazil: a brief overview

              This paper overviews the special issue of the Brazilian Journal of Botany dedicated to "Rock outcrop vegetation in Brazil". The main topics covered by this issue are phytogeography and vegetation ecology, plant life on shallow soils, plant reproduction and auto-ecology, morpho-physiology and plant adaptation, and finally conservation and global change. This collection of studies, in addition to other recent publications on Brazilian rocky outcrop vegetation, show that measurements of most of the relevant ecological and evolutionary parameters are under way and that scientific attention is now given to most Brazilian regions. However, there are still several gaps to be bridged: 1) inselbergs and high mountains in the Amazon and the Brazilian northeast, in particular, are still largely unknown to science; 2) long-term studies are almost totally unavailable, which hinders global change monitoring and assessment; 3) national and international networking are urgently needed to speed up scientific production about such habitats.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rod
                Rodriguésia
                Rodriguésia
                Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro )
                2175-7860
                September 2013
                : 64
                : 3
                : 527-541
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                Article
                S2175-78602013000300005
                10.1590/S2175-78602013000300005
                2e967652-5dd7-4a3f-a5b4-dd6f9ba06cb9

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=2175-7860&lng=en
                Categories
                ECOLOGY
                PLANT SCIENCES

                Plant science & Botany,Ecology
                rupestral systems,Espinhaço Range,metalophilous vegetation,ferruginous geosystem,ironstone outcrops,sistemas rupestres,Cadeia do Espinhaço,vegetação metalófila,geossistema ferruginoso,afloramentos ferruginosos

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