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      Efficacy of two mouth rinse sprays in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans growth on toothbrush bristles

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          Abstract

          Objective

          To compare the efficacy of two types of mouth rinse sprays (Periogard and Plax) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) on toothbrush bristles used by children.

          Methods

          An experimental comparative study was performed. The sample included 60 children aged 6–8 years with high caries index. Children were divided randomly into 3 groups (20 each) according to materials applied on toothbrush. Each group was further subdivided into 2 subgroups A and B (10 each) according to the laboratory standards for processing microbiological specimens. Each toothbrush was placed in phosphate buffered saline, vortexed then serially diluted. Mitis salivarius bacitracin (MSB) agar plates were inoculated and incubated for 48 h. S. mutans colonies were identified by morphology, gram stain and biochemical tests.

          Results

          Statistically, significant difference was observed between the three groups either when toothbrushes were processed immediately or when processed after 24 h. Group I showed highest bacterial count followed by group III whereas group II showed least bacterial count. Bacterial counts were significantly decreased by time in group I and group III while in group II no significant decrease as both subgroups showed very low bacterial count.

          Conclusions

          Although both mouth rinses were effective against S. mutans toothbrush contamination, chlorhexidine gluconate proved to be better.

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          Most cited references38

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          Biofilms: A microbial home

          Rita Chandki, Priyank Banthia, Ruchi Banthia (2011)
          Microbial biofilms are mainly implicated in etiopathogenesis of caries and periodontal disease. Owing to its properties, these pose great challenges. Continuous and regular disruption of these biofilms is imperative for prevention and management of oral diseases. This essay provides a detailed insight into properties, mechanisms of etiopathogenesis, detection and removal of these microbial biofilms.
          Article 0 comments Cited 51 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Comparison of five selective media for the growth and enumeration of Streptococcus mutans.

            W Kim Seow, W. Wan Abdullah, J. Walsh … (2002)
            Although a few growth media are available for selective isolation of the cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), it is still unclear as to which is the most efficacious. This study compared the selectivity and sensitivity of five different media for growing a laboratory strain of S. mutans (NCTC 10449), and for enumerating S. mutans from teeth of a group of young children, aged 2-10 years. The media tested in this study were mitis salivarius with bacitracin (MSB), mitis salivariuskanamycin-bacitracin (MSKB), glucose-sucrose-tellurite-bacitracin (GSTB), trypticase soy-sucrose-bacitracin (TYS20B) and tryptone-yeast-cysteine-sucrose-bacitracin (TYCSB) agars. These were prepared according to the respective manufacturer's instructions. The results showed that at concentrations of bacteria 1 x 10(3) to 1 x 10(10)/mL, the recovery of the laboratory S. mutans strain was highest in TYCSB agar, followed by in descending order by TYS20B, MSB, GSTB, and MSKB (p<0.01). Similar results were obtained using dental plaque samples collected from swabs of the teeth of a group of children. In the clinical samples, TYCSB again showed the highest recovery rates of S. mutans compared to the other four media. Results were reproduced at dilutions of the samples at 1:20 x 10(6) to 1:2 x 10(6), and S. mutans concentrations of 1.6 to 7.7 Log 10 CFU/mL. In addition, there were highest ratios of mutans to non-mutans bacteria in TYCSB compared to the other media, suggesting high selectivity of this media for mutans species. The results of our study suggest that TYCSB is the most sensitive and selective media for culture of S. mutans for laboratory and clinical studies.
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              Contamination of a toothbrush with antibacterial properties by oral microorganisms.

              V Panis, M Nakou, M Efstratiou … (2007)
              The aim of this study was to examine the contamination and the survival rate of periodontopathic and cariogenic species on new toothbrushes with antibacterial properties (coated bristles with triclosan), after a single use in periodontitis patients. The decontamination effect of the use of toothpaste was also evaluated. Ten patients, who consulted the Department of Periodontology, for treatment of chronic periodontitis, were selected. In each patient four different toothbrushes were used. Two quadrants, randomly selected, were each brushed using a different antibacterial toothbrush. In one of these two quadrants toothpaste was used. The same happened with the remaining quadrants, only with regular toothbrushes. After brushing, the toothbrushes were rinsed and stored in room temperature and a dry environment. After 0, 4 and 24h, four tufts, from each toothbrush, were cut and processed for selective and non-selective culturing techniques, followed by identification and quantification of all species found. Immediately after brushing the toothbrushes harbored a significant number of microorganisms, with no statistically significant difference between the two types of brushes (regular and antibacterial). The reduction of microorganisms from 0 to 4h after brushing was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference was less obvious from 4 to 24h. When toothpaste was used, brushes harbored significantly (p<0.05) lower numbers of colony-forming units (CFU) compared to those without the use of toothpaste. The antibacterial toothbrush with triclosan coated tufts failed to limit the bacterial contamination. The toothpaste, on the other hand, significantly reduced the contamination of toothbrushes.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Omar Abd El Sadek El Meligy
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Saudi Dent J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Saudi Dent J
                Title: The Saudi Dental Journal
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Print): 1013-9052
                ISSN (Electronic): 1658-3558
                Publication date PMC-release: 04 August 2018
                Publication date (Print): October 2018
                Publication date (Electronic): 04 August 2018
                Volume: 30
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 365-372
                Affiliations
                [a ]Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt
                [b ]Pediatric Dentistry Department, Moharam Bek Dental Research Center, Alexandria, Egypt
                [c ]High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Egypt
                [d ]Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author at: Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. omeligy@ 123456kau.edu.sa
                [1]

                Address: Alexandria University, Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Champillion St., Azarita, Alexandria In Front of Alex Downtown District, Alexandria, EG 21521, Egypt.

                [2]

                Address: Pediatric Dentistry Department, Moharam Bek Dental Research Center, Alexandria, EG 21515, Egypt.

                [3]

                Address: Alexandria University High Institute of Public Health, Microbiology, 65 El-Horreya Avenue, Alexandria, EG 21514, Egypt.

                Article
                Publisher ID: S1013-9052(18)30133-0
                DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.07.005
                PMC ID: 6128805
                PubMed ID: 30202175
                SO-VID: 31e0d264-282e-4aa6-bce3-a2866b54c851
                Copyright © © 2018 The Authors
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 6 April 2018
                Date revision received : 24 July 2018
                Date accepted : 30 July 2018
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                Keywords: mouth rinse sprays,streptococcus mutans,toothbrush,children,chlohexidine gluconate
                Data availability:
                Keywords: mouth rinse sprays, streptococcus mutans, toothbrush, children, chlohexidine gluconate

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