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Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurs in 20% to 25% of very low birthweight preterm
neonates and may be associated with significant sequelae. Infants who have IVH are
at risk for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and periventricular leukomalacia; as many
as 75% of those who have parenchymal involvement of hemorrhage suffer significant
neurodevelopmental disability. Because of the prevalence of IVH and the medical and
societal impact of this disease, many postnatal pharmacologic prevention strategies
have been explored. Randomized clinical prevention trials should provide long-term
neurodevelopmental follow-up to assess the impact of preterm birth, injury, and pharmacologic
intervention on the developing brain.