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      Efecto de diferentes cepas de Beauveria bassiana contra Alphitobius diaperinus de granjas avícolas en el estado de Colima Translated title: Effect of different Beauveria bassiana strains against Alphitobius diaperinus from poultry farms in Colima state

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes cepas de Beauveria bassiana (B. bassiana) contra Alphitobius diaperinus (A. diaperinus). Un total de 360 escarabajos A. diaperinus (adultos), fueron colectados de granjas avícolas en el estado de Colima. Después de comprobar su viabilidad (90% de conidios germinados), cinco cepas de B. bassiana (Bb3, Bb4, Bb5, Bb6 y Bb17) fueron utilizadas. Los cinco tratamientos de B. bassiana, presentaron una concentración de 1 x 108 conidios/mL. Se emplearon 15 escarabajos para el testigo y por cada cepa de B. bassiana, con cuatro réplicas/tratamiento. Los A. diaperinus muertos se incubaron por 21 d, para promover el crecimiento del micelio y con ello determinar si la muerte fue causada por B. bassiana. El conjunto de datos resultante se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva. La comparación entre grupos se llevó a cabo por Análisis de Varianza e histograma de frecuencia. Los resultados mostraron que todos los aislamientos fúngicos eran patógenos contra escarabajos A. diaperinus. La cepa Bb4 presentó diferencia entre grupos, con respecto a la mortalidad (5.25 ± 0.95 escarabajos A. diaperinus muertos). En los escarabajos muertos, la micosis por crecimiento del micelio de B. bassiana, presentó los mejores resultados en la cepa Bb4 (2.50 ± 1.29 escarabajos A. diaperinus con micosis) equivalente al 16.66%. Con el valor más bajo en las cepas Bb3 y Bb6 (3.33 y 1.66% de micosis) respectivamente. Los resultados encontrados, se podrían utilizar en próximos ensayos para evaluar la cepa Bb4 en condiciones normales dentro de instalaciones para aves.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different Beauveria bassiana strains (B. bassiana) against Alphitobius diaperinus (A. diaperinus). A total of 360 beetles A. diaperinus (adults) were collected from poultry farms in Colima state. After verifying its viability (90% of germinated conidia), five of B. bassiana strains (Bb3, Bb4, Bb5, Bb6 and Bb17) were used. The five treatments of B. bassiana, presented a concentration of 1 x 108 conidia/mL. Fifteen beetles were used for the control and for each of B. bassiana strain, with four replicates/treatment. The dead A. diaperinus were incubated for 21 d, to promote mycelial growth and thus determine whether the death was caused by B. bassiana. The resulting data set was analyzed by descriptive statistics. The comparison between groups was assessed by Analysis of Variance and frequency histogram. The results showed that all fungal isolates were pathogenic against A. diaperinus beetles. The Bb4 strain showed a difference between groups, with respect to mortality (5.25 ± 0.95 dead A. diaperinus beetles). In dead beetles, mycosis due to mycelium growth of B. bassiana, presented the best results in Bb4 strain (2.50 ± 1.29 beetles A. diaperinus with mycosis) equivalent to 16.66%ith the lowest value in Bb3 strain and Bb6 strain (3.33 and 1.66% of mycosis) respectively. The results found could be used in future trials to evaluate the Bb4 strain under normal conditions within the bird facilities.

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          The production and uses of Beauveria bassiana as a microbial insecticide.

          Among invertebrate fungal pathogens, Beauveria bassiana has assumed a key role in management of numerous arthropod agricultural, veterinary and forestry pests. Beauveria is typically deployed in one or more inundative applications of large numbers of aerial conidia in dry or liquid formulations, in a chemical paradigm. Mass production is mainly practiced by solid-state fermentation to yield hydrophobic aerial conidia, which remain the principal active ingredient of mycoinsecticides. More robust and cost-effective fermentation and formulation downstream platforms are imperative for its overall commercialization by industry. Hence, where economics allow, submerged liquid fermentation provides alternative method to produce effective and stable propagules that can be easily formulated as dry stable preparations. Formulation also continues to be a bottleneck in the development of stable and effective commercial Beauveria-mycoinsecticides in many countries, although good commercial formulations do exist. Future research on improving fermentation and formulation technologies coupled with the selection of multi-stress tolerant and virulent strains is needed to catalyze the widespread acceptance and usefulness of this fungus as a cost-effective mycoinsecticide. The role of Beauveria as one tool among many in integrated pest management, rather than a stand-alone management approach, needs to be better developed across the range of crop systems. Here, we provide an overview of mass-production and formulation strategies, updated list of registered commercial products, major biocontrol programs and ecological aspects affecting the use of Beauveria as a mycoinsecticide.
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            Global status of insects as food and feed source: a review

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              Darkling beetles (Alphitobius diaperinus) and their larvae as potential vectors for the transfer of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi B variant Java between successive broiler flocks.

              Broiler flocks often become infected with Campylobacter and Salmonella, and the exact contamination routes are still not fully understood. Insects like darkling beetles and their larvae may play a role in transfer of the pathogens between consecutive cycles. In this study, several groups of beetles and their larvae were artificially contaminated with a mixture of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java and three C. jejuni strains and kept for different time intervals before they were fed to individually housed chicks. Most inoculated insects were positive for Salmonella and Campylobacter just before they were fed to the chicks. However, Campylobacter could not be isolated from insects that were kept for 1 week before they were used to mimic an empty week between rearing cycles. All broilers fed insects that were inoculated with pathogens on the day of feeding showed colonization with Campylobacter and Salmonella at levels of 50 to 100%. Transfer of both pathogens by groups of insects that were kept for 1 week before feeding to the chicks was also observed, but at lower levels. Naturally contaminated insects that were collected at a commercial broiler farm colonized broilers at low levels as well. In conclusion, the fact that Salmonella and Campylobacter can be transmitted via beetles and their larvae to flocks in successive rearing cycles indicates that there should be intensive control programs for exclusion of these insects from broiler houses.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                av
                Abanico veterinario
                Abanico vet
                Sergio Martínez González (Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico )
                2007-428X
                2448-6132
                2019
                : 9
                : e925
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameMaestría Interinstitucional en Producción Pecuaria Mexico mmoreno23@ 123456ucol.mx
                [5] orgnameUniversidad de Colima orgdiv1Centro Universitario de Investigación Agropecuaria Mexico ljgm_cmv@ 123456hotmail.com
                [3] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Guanajuato orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Mexico cesargarciacasillas@ 123456hotmail.com
                [2] orgnameUniversidad de Colima orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Mexico omarpr@ 123456ucol.mx
                [4] orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Guadalajara orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Mexico dsanchez@ 123456cucba.udg.mx
                Article
                S2448-61322019000100125 S2448-6132(19)00900000125
                10.21929/abavet2019.925
                3646f26e-8b00-4f4b-b07f-cb930f47af70

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 November 2019
                : 22 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                Beauveria bassiana,mycosis,Alphitobius diaperinus,conidios,micosis,conidia

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