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      Concentraciones de hormona estimulante de la tiroides y tiroxina libre en ovinos jóvenes Translated title: Concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in young sheep Translated title: Concentrações de hormônio estimulador da tireoide e tiroxina livre em ovinos jovens

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          Abstract

          Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación fue establecer valores de referencia en las concentraciones de la hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSH, del inglés Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone) y tiroxina (T4) libre, para los pequeños rumiantes menores de 7 meses, analizando la influencia del sexo sobre las determinaciones. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de 48 ovinos en estado de ayuno (25 machos y 23 hembras menores de 7 meses de edad), las concentraciones de TSH y T4 libre se determinaron mediante inmunoensayo enzimático. Los valores de TSH para las hembras jóvenes (μUI/ml) fueron: promedio, mínimo, máximo y desviación estándar de 0,34; 0,0; 0,57; 0,15, respectivamente. Para los machos jóvenes fueron: 0,09; 0,0; 0,57; 0,15, respectivamente. El valor p del test F fue 0,147 (p ≥ 0,05), por lo cual no hay diferencia estadísticamente significativa con una confiabilidad de 95 % para la TSH en ovinos jóvenes con respecto al género. Los valores de T4 libre para las hembras jóvenes (ng/dl) fueron: promedio, mínimo, máximo y desviación estándar de 0,44; 0,13; 0,73; 0,21, respectivamente. Para los machos jóvenes fueron: 0,66; 0,31; 1,17; 0,24, respectivamente. El valor de p del test F es 0,04 (p < 0,05), lo cual evidencia diferencia significativa con una confiabilidad del 95 % para los valores de T4 libre en ovinos jóvenes. Se concluye que el sexo causa variación en la secreción de T4 libre en los pequeños rumiantes jóvenes.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract: This research aimed to establish reference values of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (T4) in small ruminants under seven months old, by analyzing the influence of gender on determined values. Blood samples were collected from 48 fasting sheep (25 males and 23 females under 7 months old), and TSH and free T4 levels were determined using enzyme immunoassay. Average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation values for TSH (μUI/ml) in young females were: 0.34; 0.0; 0.57; 0.15, respectively. In young males, they were: 0.09; 0.0; 0.57; 0.15, respectively. The F-test p-value was 0.147 (p ≥) 0.05), which indicates that there is no statistically significant difference with a reliability of 95% for TSH in young sheep with regard to gender. Average, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation values for free T4 (ng/dL) in young females were: of 0.44; 0.13; 0.73; 0.21, respectively. In young males, the values were: 0.66; 0.31; 1.17; 0.24, respectively. The F-test p-value was 0.04 (p <0.05), which shows a significant difference with a reliability of 95% for free T4 values in young sheep. The study concludes that sex causes variation in the secretion of free T4 in young small ruminants.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo: O objetivo de esta investigação foi estabelecer valores de referência nos níveis de hormônio estimulador da tireoide (TSH) e tiroxina (T4) livre, para os pequenos ruminantes menores de sete meses, analisando a influência do sexo sobre as determinações. Se obtiveram amostras de sangue de 48 ovinos em estado de jejum (25 machos e 23 fêmeas menores de 7 meses de idade), os níveis de TSH e T4 livre se determinaram mediante imunoensaio enzimático. Os valores de TSH para as fêmeas jovens (μUI/ml) foram: média, mínimo, máximo e desvio padrão de 0,34; 0,0; 0,57; 0,15, respectivamente. Para os machos jovens foram: 0,09; 0,0; 0,57; 0,15, respectivamente. O valorp do teste F foi 0,147 (p ≥ 0,05), razão pela qual não há diferença estatisticamente significativa com uma confiabilidade de 95 % para a TSH em ovinos jovens com respeito ao gênero. Os valores de T4 livre para as fêmeas jovens (ng/dL) foram: em média, mínimo, máximo e desvio padrão de 0,44; 0,13; 0,73; 0,21, respectivamente. Para os machos jovens foram: 0,66; 0,31; 1,17; 0,24, respectivamente. O valor de p do teste F é 0,04 (p< 0,05), o que evidencia diferença significativa com uma confiabilidade do 95 % para os valores de T4 livre em ovinos jovens. Se conclui que o sexo causa variação na secreção de T4 livre nos pequenos ruminantes jovens.

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          Thyroid hormones in small ruminants: effects of endogenous, environmental and nutritional factors.

          L Todini (2007)
          Appropriate thyroid gland function and thyroid hormone activity are considered crucial to sustain the productive performance in domestic animals (growth, milk or hair fibre production). Changes of blood thyroid hormone concentrations are an indirect measure of the changes in thyroid gland activity and circulating thyroid hormones can be considered as indicators of the metabolic and nutritional status of the animals. Thyroid hormones play a pivotal role in the mechanisms permitting the animals to live and breed in the surrounding environment. Variations in hormone bioactivity allow the animals to adapt their metabolic balance to different environmental conditions, changes in nutrient requirements and availability, and to homeorhetic changes during different physiological stages. This is particularly important in the free-ranging and grazing animals, such as traditionally reared small ruminants, whose main physiological functions (feed intake, reproduction, hair growth) are markedly seasonal. Many investigations dealt with the involvement of thyroid hormones in the expression of endogenous seasonal rhythms, such as reproduction and hair growth cycles in fibre-producing (wool, mohair, cashmere) sheep and goats. Important knowledge about the pattern of thyroid hormone metabolism and their role in ontogenetic development has been obtained from studies in the ovine foetus and in the newborn. Many endogenous (breed, age, gender, physiological state) and environmental factors (climate, season, with a primary role of nutrition) are able to affect thyroid activity and hormone concentrations in blood, acting at the level of hypothalamus, pituitary and/or thyroid gland, as well as on peripheral monodeiodination. Knowledge on such topics mirror physiological changes and possibly allows the monitoring and manipulation of thyroid physiology, in order to improve animal health, welfare and production.
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            Regulation of thyroid hormone metabolism during fetal development.

            Compared with adults, plasma T3 concentrations in the human fetus are decreased, whereas levels of rT3 and the different iodothyronine sulfates, T4S, T3S, rT3S and 3,3'-T2S, are increased. The low T3 and high rT3 concentrations reflect the preponderance of inner ring versus outer ring deiodinase activity due to high type III iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) expression in fetal tissues, such as liver and brain, the placenta, and perhaps also the uterus, in combination with still incomplete expression of hepatic type I iodothyronine deiodinase (D1) expression. In contrast to humans, D3 is hardly expressed in the fetal rat liver. However, high D3 expression is observed in the embryonic chicken liver which decreases dramatically towards the end of incubation, resulting in a marked increase in plasma T3. Thyroid hormone is essential for the development of the brain, in which local conversion of the prohormone T4 to the active hormone T3 by the type II iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) plays a very important role. In contrast to the rat, however, little is known about the ontogeny of D2 in different human brain areas. The cause of the high concentrations of sulfated iodothyronines in fetal plasma is unknown. In adults, the liver is an important site for the clearance of these conjugates, where they are rapidly degraded by D1. Although fetal human liver expresses significant D1 activity, clearance of iodothyronine sulfates may be defective due to the lack of transporters mediating their hepatic uptake. However, production of iodothyronine sulfates may also be increased in the human fetus, although the responsible sulfotransferases and their location remain to be identified. Sulfation may be a reversible pathway of thyroid hormone inactivation, depending on the recovery of free hormone by sulfatases. However, little is known at present about the characteristics and regulation of these enzymes in fetal human tissues. Further studies are required to increase our understanding of the tissue-specific and stage-dependent regulation of thyroid hormone bioactivity during human development.
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              Hipotiroidismo en rumiantes

              La glándula tiroides está presente en todos los vertebrados y es única entre las glándulas endocrinas en que almacena sus productos de secreción (hormonas tiroidales) extracelularmente. Estas hormonas juegan un papel indispensable en una variedad de reacciones bioquímicas en tejidos periféricos como el músculo esquelético, cardíaco, el hígado y el riñón los que colectivamente controlan la actividad metabólica basal del organismo. A pesar de que muchos procesos fisiológicos en rumiantes requieren una actividad normal de la glándula tiroides, generalmente se ha resaltado su rol principalmente en la fisiología reproductiva. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de la literatura actual, la síntesis y acciones de las hormonas tiroidales en la fisiología de los rumiantes se ha extrapolado del conocimiento extenso que se tiene en la especie canina y felina. Por lo tanto, este trabajo pretende entregar información actualizada sobre la fisiología endocrina de la glándula tiroides en los rumiantes, enfatizando su rol en el bovino y ovino y las causas mas comunes de hipotiroidismo clínico en los rumiantes domésticos
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rmv
                Revista de Medicina Veterinaria
                Rev. Med. Vet.
                Universidad de La Salle (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0122-9354
                January 2017
                : 0
                : 33
                : 77-81
                Affiliations
                [2] Caldas orgnameUniversidad de Caldas orgdiv1Departamento de Salud Animal Colombia
                [3] Caldas orgnameUniversidad de Caldas orgdiv1Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud Colombia labmicro@ 123456ucaldas.edu.co
                [1] Caldas orgnameUniversidad de Caldas orgdiv1Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud Colombia jose.osorio_o@ 123456ucaldas.edu.co
                Article
                S0122-93542017000100077
                10.19052/mv.4055
                369d3009-2317-4c81-8974-4016fd5c316f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 September 2015
                : 30 October 2015
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 17, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Colombia


                ovelhas.,metabolism,metabolismo,ovinos.,hormonas tiroideas,thyroid hormones,hormônios tireóideas,sheep.

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