TGF-β1-Induced Upregulation of MALAT1 Promotes Kazakh's Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invasion by EMT

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Abstract

Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) plays an important role in tumor initiation and development by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that contributes to the invasion and metastasis of tumors, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of the present study was to explore the underlying mechanisms implicated in EMT and to clarify whether TGF-β1 regulates MALAT1 expression, thereby promoting the invasion of ESCC. Expression of TGF-β1, MALAT1 and EMT-related markers, including E-cadherin and Vimentin, was detected in clinical samples of Kazakh's ESCC. The role of TGF-β1 in the regulation of MALAT1 in ESCC invasion was evaluated at the ESCC cell line level. High TGF-β1 expression was significantly associated with poor survival among patients with Kazakh's ESCC. Additionally, the expression of Vimentin was upregulated, and the expression of E-cadherin was downregulated and varied. The expression of MALAT1 positively correlated with the expression of TGF-β1 both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, knockdown of MALAT1 inhibited TGF-β1-induced EMT. Our data indicate that MALAT1 is heavily involved in EMT induced by TGF-β1. MALAT1 may be a therapeutic target in the suppression of metastasis and invasion of ESCC.

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Most cited references 43

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Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2019

Kimberly D Miller, Leticia Nogueira, Angela Mariotto … (2019)

The number of cancer survivors continues to increase in the United States because of the growth and aging of the population as well as advances in early detection and treatment. To assist the public health community in better serving these individuals, the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute collaborate every 3 years to estimate cancer prevalence in the United States using incidence and survival data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registries; vital statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics; and population projections from the US Census Bureau. Current treatment patterns based on information in the National Cancer Data Base are presented for the most prevalent cancer types. Cancer-related and treatment-related short-term, long-term, and late health effects are also briefly described. More than 16.9 million Americans (8.1 million males and 8.8 million females) with a history of cancer were alive on January 1, 2019; this number is projected to reach more than 22.1 million by January 1, 2030 based on the growth and aging of the population alone. The 3 most prevalent cancers in 2019 are prostate (3,650,030), colon and rectum (776,120), and melanoma of the skin (684,470) among males, and breast (3,861,520), uterine corpus (807,860), and colon and rectum (768,650) among females. More than one-half (56%) of survivors were diagnosed within the past 10 years, and almost two-thirds (64%) are aged 65 years or older. People with a history of cancer have unique medical and psychosocial needs that require proactive assessment and management by follow-up care providers. Although there are growing numbers of tools that can assist patients, caregivers, and clinicians in navigating the various phases of cancer survivorship, further evidence-based resources are needed to optimize care.

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Epidemiology of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Christian C Abnet, Melina Arnold, Wen-Qiang Wei (2018)

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for about 90% of the 456,000 incident esophageal cancers each year. Regions of high incidence include Eastern to Central Asia, along the Rift Valley in East Africa, and into South Africa. There are many causes of ESCC, which vary among regions. Early studies in France associated smoking cigarettes and heavy alcohol consumption with high rates of ESCC, but these factors cannot explain the high incidence in other regions. We discuss other risk factors for ESCC, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a variety of sources, high-temperature foods, diet, and oral health and the microbiome-all require further research. A growing list of defined genomic regions affects susceptibility, but large genome-wide association studies have been conducted with ethnic Chinese subjects only; more studies are called for in the rest of Asia and Africa. ESCC has been understudied, but growing infrastructure in more high-incidence countries will allow rapid progress in our understanding.

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Context-dependent EMT programs in cancer metastasis

Nicole M Aiello, Yibin Kang (2019)

In this review, Aiello and Kang discuss the molecular mechanisms, regulatory networks, and functional consequences of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the context of cancer metastasis, with a particular focus on partial EMT and cellular plasticity.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Cancer

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Cancer

Journal ID (publisher-id): jca

Title: Journal of Cancer

Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher (Sydney )

ISSN (Electronic): 1837-9664

Publication date Collection: 2020

Publication date (Electronic): 4 October 2020

Volume: 11

Issue: 23

Pages: 6892-6901

Affiliations

[1 ]Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China.

[2 ]State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China.

[3 ]Health Management Center, Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, PR China.

Author notes

✉ Corresponding author: Dr Xiaomei Lu; Clinical Medical Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asian, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, PR China. E-mail: luxiaomei88@ 123456163.com .

#Co-first authors.

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.

Article

Publisher ID: jcav11p6892

DOI: 10.7150/jca.48426

PMC ID: 7592017

PubMed ID: 33123280

SO-VID: 373dfc95-7bb1-4047-a1ff-951c1e07b107

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.

TGF-β1-Induced Upregulation of MALAT1 Promotes Kazakh's Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invasion by EMT

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Cancer Immunotherapy

Most cited references 43

Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2019

Epidemiology of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Context-dependent EMT programs in cancer metastasis

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