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      AMAMENTAÇÃO, ALIMENTAÇÃO COMPLEMENTAR E SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL EM UMA REGIÃO DE FRONTEIRA Translated title: LA LACTANCIA MATERNA, LA ALIMENTACIÓN COMPLEMENTARIA Y LA SEGURIDAD ALIMENTARIA Y NUTRICIONAL EN UNA REGIÓN FRONTERIZA Translated title: BREASTFEEDING, SUPLEMENTARY FEEDING AND FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN A BORDER

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          Abstract

          RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer como a amamentação e alimentação complementar se relacionam à segurança alimentar e nutricional de crianças residentes em uma região de fronteira. Método: pesquisa qualitativa com 12 mães e 12 profissionais de saúde de Foz do Iguaçu, no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Os dados foram coletados entre abril e outubro de 2019, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Resultados: foram identificadas três categorias: Aleitamento materno e alimentação complementar: direito da criança ao alimento seguro e adequado; Aleitamento materno e alimentação complementar: da orientação ao consumo; Amamentação, alimentação complementar e o contexto da Tríplice Fronteira. Conclusão: o leite materno e a alimentação complementar saudável contemplam a segurança alimentar e nutricional. Cultura, condição financeira, trabalho materno, somados à oferta de alimentos inadequados, comprometem esse processo. Acredita-se que esse estudo possa fomentar ações e políticas públicas voltadas ao direito à alimentação infantil na região.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer como la lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria se relacionan a seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de niños que residen en una región fronteriza. Método: investigación cualitativa con 12 madres y 12 profesionales de la salud de Foz do Iguaçu, en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Los datos se recopilaron entre abril y octubre de 2019, mediante una entrevista semiestructurada y presentados para el Análisis Temática de Contenido. Resultados: se identificaron tres categorías: Lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria: el derecho del niño a una alimentación segura y apropiada; Lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria: de la orientación al consumo; Lactancia materna, alimentación complementaria y el contexto de la Triple Frontera. Consideraciones finales: la leche materna y la alimentación complementaria saludable abarcan la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional. La cultura, la condición financiera, el trabajo materno, sumados al suministro de alimentos inadecuados, comprometen este proceso. Se cree que este estudio pueda fomentar acciones y políticas públicas orientadas al derecho a la alimentación infantil en la región.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objective: to know how breastfeeding and complementary feeding relate to the food and nutritional security of children living in a border region. Method: qualitative research with 12 mothers and 12 health professionals from Foz do Iguaçu, in the context of Primary Health Care. The data were collected between April and October 2019, through a semi-structured interview and submitted to Thematic Content Analysis. Results: Three categories were identified: Breastfeeding and complementary feeding: the child’s right to safe and adequate food; Breastfeeding and complementary feeding: from orientation to consumption; Breastfeeding, complementary feeding and the Triple Border context. Conclusion: maternal milk and healthy complementary feeding contemplate food and nutritional security. Culture, financial condition, maternal work, added to the supply of inadequate food, compromise this process. It is believed that this study can foster actions and public policies aimed at the right to infant food in the region.

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          Most cited references30

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          Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect.

          The importance of breastfeeding in low-income and middle-income countries is well recognised, but less consensus exists about its importance in high-income countries. In low-income and middle-income countries, only 37% of children younger than 6 months of age are exclusively breastfed. With few exceptions, breastfeeding duration is shorter in high-income countries than in those that are resource-poor. Our meta-analyses indicate protection against child infections and malocclusion, increases in intelligence, and probable reductions in overweight and diabetes. We did not find associations with allergic disorders such as asthma or with blood pressure or cholesterol, and we noted an increase in tooth decay with longer periods of breastfeeding. For nursing women, breastfeeding gave protection against breast cancer and it improved birth spacing, and it might also protect against ovarian cancer and type 2 diabetes. The scaling up of breastfeeding to a near universal level could prevent 823,000 annual deaths in children younger than 5 years and 20,000 annual deaths from breast cancer. Recent epidemiological and biological findings from during the past decade expand on the known benefits of breastfeeding for women and children, whether they are rich or poor.
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            Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices?

            Despite its established benefits, breastfeeding is no longer a norm in many communities. Multifactorial determinants of breastfeeding need supportive measures at many levels, from legal and policy directives to social attitudes and values, women's work and employment conditions, and health-care services to enable women to breastfeed. When relevant interventions are delivered adequately, breastfeeding practices are responsive and can improve rapidly. The best outcomes are achieved when interventions are implemented concurrently through several channels. The marketing of breastmilk substitutes negatively affects breastfeeding: global sales in 2014 of US$44·8 billion show the industry's large, competitive claim on infant feeding. Not breastfeeding is associated with lower intelligence and economic losses of about $302 billion annually or 0·49% of world gross national income. Breastfeeding provides short-term and long-term health and economic and environmental advantages to children, women, and society. To realise these gains, political support and financial investment are needed to protect, promote, and support breastfeeding.
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              Amostragem e saturação em pesquisa qualitativa: consensos e controvérsias

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cenf
                Cogitare Enfermagem
                Cogit. Enferm.
                Universidade Federal do Paraná (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                1414-8536
                2176-9133
                2021
                : 26
                : e72739
                Affiliations
                [02] Cascavel Paraná orgnameUniversidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Brazil
                [03] Londrina Paraná orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Londrina Brazil
                [01] Foz do Iguaçu Paraná orgnameSecretaria Municipal de Saúde de Foz do Iguaçu Brazil
                Article
                S2176-91332021000100323 S2176-9133(21)02600000323
                10.5380/ce.v26i0.72739
                3831edba-5b16-4f48-89f3-1d626fde108f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 April 2020
                : 14 September 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigo Original

                Food and Nutritional Security,Primary Health Care,Borderline,Complementary Food,Maternal Milk,Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional,Atención Primaria de Salud,Frontera (Áreas Fronterizas),Alimentación Complementaria (Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales del Lactante),Leche Humana,Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional,Atenção Primária à Saúde,Fronteira,Alimentação Complementar,Leite Materno

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