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      CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL ACEITE DE SEMILLAS DE MORINGA OLEÍFERA ECOTYPO SUPERGENIUS QUE EVIDENCIAN SUS POTENCIALIDADES ENERGÉTICAS Translated title: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORINGA OLEIFERA ECOTYPE SUPERGENIUS SEED OIL THAT SHOW ITS ENERGETIES POTENCIALITIES

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La Moringa oleífera es un árbol altamente valorado a nivel mundial por sus propiedades que le permiten ser catalogado como materia prima en diferentes industrias. De la semilla se extrae un aceite natural de alta calidad en el que pudieran evaluarse sus potencialidades energéticas para la elaboración de biodiesel. Objetivo: Determinar si las propiedades físico-químicas del aceite de semillas de Moringa oleífera ecotipo Supergenius cumplen con los requisitos que evidencien sus potencialidades energéticas. Materiales y Métodos: A las semillas, se les realiza el estudio granulométrico del tamaño de partículas. Se trabaja un diseño 22 con el programa estadístico Statgraphics versión 5.1 para conocer el comportamiento de las variables de la extracción con respecto al contenido de aceite. Para la extracción del aceite se usan como disolventes cloroformo y mezcla cloroformo-metanol 1:1. Técnicas analíticas cualitativas y cuantitativas se usan para la determinación de las propiedades que caracterizan a un aceite para el análisis de sus potencialidades energéticas. Resultados y Discusión: El diámetro promedio del conglomerado de partículas es de 0,8·10-3 m. Las propiedades físico-químicas evaluadas del aceite de semillas de Moringa ecotipo Supergenius presentan similitud a las que aparecen en la literatura especializada. En la composición de ácidos grasos del aceite extraído, el producto mayoritario es el ácido oleico con un 67,70 %, valor similar a los reportados por otros autores comprobando que cumple con los requisitos necesarios para ser utilizado en la obtención de biocombustible. Conclusiones: El aceite extraído cumple con los requisitos que evidencian sus potencialidades energéticas.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Moringa oleífera is a small tree, it is highly valued worldwide for its properties that allow it to be classified as a raw material in different industries. Energy potential for biodiesel production of its high quality extracted oil could be evaluated. Objective: To determine if the physic-chemical properties of Moringa oleifera ecotype Supergenius seed oil meet the requirements that demonstrate its energetic potentialities. Materials and Methods: Seeds are selected manually and a particle size study is carried out. To know the behavior of extraction variables with respect to oil content, a design 22 is done and the statistical program Statgraphics version 5.1 is used for results treatment. Chloroform and 1: 1 chloroform-methanol mixture are used as solvents to extract the oil. Qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques are used to determine the properties that characterize seed oil for its energy potential analysis. Results and Discussion: The particles conglomerate average diameter is 0.8•10-3 m. The Moringa oleifera ecotype Supergenius seed oil physic-chemical properties evaluated present similarity to those that appear in specialized literature. The main product In fatty acid composition of extracted oil, is oleic acid with 67.70 %, a similar value to those reported by other authors, It is demonstrated that oil has the necessary requirements to be used in biofuel obtaining. Conclusions: The extracted oil meet the requirements evidenced by its energetic potentialities.

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          Moringa oleifera oil: a possible source of biodiesel.

          Biodiesel is an alternative to petroleum-based conventional diesel fuel and is defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils and animal fats. Biodiesel has been prepared from numerous vegetable oils, such as canola (rapeseed), cottonseed, palm, peanut, soybean and sunflower oils as well as a variety of less common oils. In this work, Moringa oleifera oil is evaluated for the first time as potential feedstock for biodiesel. After acid pre-treatment to reduce the acid value of the M. oleifera oil, biodiesel was obtained by a standard transesterification procedure with methanol and an alkali catalyst at 60 degrees C and alcohol/oil ratio of 6:1. M. oleifera oil has a high content of oleic acid (>70%) with saturated fatty acids comprising most of the remaining fatty acid profile. As a result, the methyl esters (biodiesel) obtained from this oil exhibit a high cetane number of approximately 67, one of the highest found for a biodiesel fuel. Other fuel properties of biodiesel derived from M. oleifera such as cloud point, kinematic viscosity and oxidative stability were also determined and are discussed in light of biodiesel standards such as ASTM D6751 and EN 14214. The 1H NMR spectrum of M. oleifera methyl esters is reported. Overall, M. oleifera oil appears to be an acceptable feedstock for biodiesel.
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            Analytical characterization of Moringa oleifera seed oil grown in temperate regions of Pakistan.

            The hexane-extracted oil content of Moringa oleifera seeds ranged from 38.00 to 42.00%. Protein, fiber, and ash contents were found to be 26.50-32.00, 5.80-9.29, and, 5.60-7.50%, respectively. Results of physical and chemical parameters of the extracted oil were as follows: iodine value, 68.00-71.80; refractive index (40 degrees C), 1.4590-1.4625; density (24 degrees C), 0.9036-0.9080 mg/mL; saponification value, 180.60-190.50; unsaponifiable matter, 0.70-1.10%; and color (1 in. cell), 0.95-1.10 R + 20.00-35.30 Y. Tocopherols (alpha, gamma, and delta) in the oil were up to 123.50-161.30, 84.07-104.00, and 41.00-56.00 mg/kg, respectively. The oil was found to contain high levels of oleic acid (up to 78.59%) followed by palmitic, stearic, behenic, and arachidic acid up to levels of 7.00, 7.50, 5.99, and 4.21%, respectively. The induction period (Rancimat, 20 L/h, 120 degrees C) of the crude oil was 9.99 h and reduced to 8.63 h after degumming. Specific extinctions at 232 and 270 nm were 1.70 and 0.31, respectively. Many parameters of M. oleifera oil indigenous to Pakistan were comparable to those of typical Moringa seed oils reported in the literature. The results of the present analytical study were also compared with those of different vegetable oils.
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              Aprovechamiento de Residuos Agroindustriales: Pasado, Presente y Futuro

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                caz
                Centro Azúcar
                cen. az.
                Editorial Feijóo (Santa Clara, , Cuba )
                0253-5777
                2223-4861
                June 2021
                : 48
                : 2
                : 11-22
                Affiliations
                [2] Marianao La Habana orgnameInstituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría orgdiv1Facultad de Ingeniería Química Cuba
                [1] Marianao La Habana orgnameInstituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echeverría orgdiv1Centro de Estudio de Tecnologías Energéticas Renovables Cuba
                Article
                S2223-48612021000200011 S2223-4861(21)04800200011
                39a8e582-c1e9-4c54-bee0-7fc6baafce69

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 19 May 2020
                : 19 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 12
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                oils,Moringa,seeds,properties,semillas.,propiedades,aceites
                oils, Moringa, seeds, properties, semillas., propiedades, aceites

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