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      Estádio de maturação dos frutos e fatores relacionados aos aspectos nutritivos e de textura da polpa de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) Translated title: Maturity stage of fruits and factors related to nutritive and texture characters of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) pulp

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          Abstract

          O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de obter informações sobre a influência do estádio de desenvolvimento do fruto (época de coleta) e do tipo de congelamento sobre os componentes nutricionais e de textura da polpa de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.). Os frutos foram coletados na árvore, antes da queda natural; no chão, após a queda natural, e após a queda natural, mantidos três dias em condição ambiente. Em cada época de coleta, após a retirada da casca dos frutos, um grupo de putamens foi congelado diretamente em freezer, e outro, congelado em nitrogênio líquido, antes do congelamento em freezer. Após seis meses, foi retirada a polpa dos putamens para a análise dos teores de carotenóides totais, ß -caroteno, licopeno, vitamina A, proteínas e lipídios; teor de celulose, hemicelulose, pectinas total, cálcio ligado à parede celular e total, atividade da pectinametilesterase e poligalacturonase. Os resultados indicaram que os teores de pigmentos, lipídios, proteínas e atividade da PG aumentaram com o avanço do estádio de maturação dos frutos. Por outro lado, houve diminuição no teor da celulose com avanço do estádio de maturação, enquanto os teores de hemicelulose e cálcio não foram influenciados pela idade do fruto. O tipo de congelamento interferiu nos teores de pigmentos, maiores na polpa congelada em nitrogênio líquido, e na atividade da PG, maior na polpa congelada apenas em freezer. Por último, os resultados mostraram que os frutos coletados na árvore são nutricionalmente inferiores aos coletados após a queda natural.

          Translated abstract

          The experiment was carried out with the purpose to obtain information about changes in the constituents responsible for nutritive and texture traits of pequi pulp related with harvest time and types of freezing. Fruits were collected in the tree before natural fall, in the ground after natural fall and in the ground three days after natural fall. In each harvest time, while one batch of the putamens was frozen in liquid nitrogen and afterwards stored in a freezer, another batch was frozen directly in the freezer. After six months the following analyses were performed in the pulp: contents of proteins, total carotenoid, b-carotene, licopene, vitamin A and lipids (nutritive characters); content of cellulose, hemicelluloses, total pectin, total and bound calcium, activity of polygalacturonase (PG) and pectinmethilesterase (PME) of the cell wall. The contents of pigments, lipids, proteins and activity of PG were the highest in the most advanced stages of maturation of fruits. On the other hand the content of cellulose decreased with the advanced stages of maturation whiles the content of hemicelluloses, total and bound calcium were not affected at the stages of maturation of the fruits. The types of freezing affected the contents of pigments; higher in the pulp frozen in liquid nitrogen; and the activity of PG was higher in the pulp frozen directly in the freezer. The fruits collected in the tree showed the lowest eating quality as judged by their lowest contents of pigments, protein and lipids. The results indicate that the most appropriate harvest time to higher quality of pequi fruits is after natural fall.

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              A photometric adaptation of Somogy method for the determination of glucose

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbf
                Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura
                Rev. Bras. Frutic.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura (Jaboticabal )
                1806-9967
                December 2006
                : 28
                : 3
                : 380-386
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Viçosa
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
                [4 ] Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros Brazil
                [5 ] UFVJM
                Article
                S0100-29452006000300010
                10.1590/S0100-29452006000300010
                39de77ae-3850-422e-b899-bb957978698a

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-2945&lng=en
                Categories
                HORTICULTURE

                Horticulture
                harvest maturity,cell wall,época de colheita,carotenóides totais,ß -caroteno,licopeno,vitamina A,proteínas,lipídios,parede celular,proteins,total carotenoid,b-carotene,licopene,vitamin A,lipids

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