Improvement in oral health related quality of life among the elderly: a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Background

The present study was conducted to determine the impact of educational intervention based on adult learning theory on oral health related quality of life of the elderly.

Materials and methods

This study (IRCT20120910010804N13) was performed with 92 elderly patients referred to the dental clinic of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences. Participants were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The data were gathered by a questionnaire with demographic variables, variables of oral health related quality of the elderly, and variables for assessing the effectiveness of adult learning theory. Following pre-test, educational programs were conducted for the interventional group. After 1 month, the questionnaire was again administered to both groups. Next, the results of pre-test and post-test were analyzed using SPSS-23 at a significance level of 0.05.

Results

Educational intervention was significant in terms of overall oral health related quality of life and the overall effectiveness score of adult learning theory ( P < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean change score of three physical, psychosocial, and pain dimensions following the educational intervention ( P < 0.001).

Conclusion

Education based on adult learning theory is recommended for improving oral health related quality of life among the elderly.

Trial registration

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20120910010804N13. Registered on 2018-12-16.

https://www.irct.ir/trial/35239

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Most cited references 46

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Oral health-related quality of life: what, why, how, and future implications.

L Sischo, H L Broder (2011)

Despite its relatively recent emergence over the past few decades, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has important implications for the clinical practice of dentistry and dental research. OHRQoL is a multidimensional construct that includes a subjective evaluation of the individual's oral health, functional well-being, emotional well-being, expectations and satisfaction with care, and sense of self. It has wide-reaching applications in survey and clinical research. OHRQoL is an integral part of general health and well-being. In fact, it is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an important segment of the Global Oral Health Program (2003). This paper identifies the what, why, and how of OHRQoL and presents an oral health theoretical model. The relevance of OHRQoL for dental practitioners and patients in community-based dental practices is presented. Implications for health policy and related oral health disparities are also discussed. A supplemental Appendix contains a Medline and ProQuest literature search regarding OHRQoL research from 1990-2010 by discipline and research design (e.g., descriptive, longitudinal, clinical trial, etc.). The search identified 300 articles with a notable surge in OHRQoL research in pediatrics and orthodontics in recent years.

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Development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index.

K Atchison, T Dolan (1990)

The development of measures for assessing oral health status is essential to the evolution and maturation of a scientific knowledge base in geriatric dentistry. The literature suggests a high prevalence of dental diseases in older adults, yet valid and reliable instruments to assess the impact of oral diseases on older individuals or populations are lacking. This paper describes the rationale for and the development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), a self-reported measure designed to assess the oral health problems of older adults. Following a review of the literature and consultation with health care providers and patients, a pilot instrument was developed. The GOHAI was initially tested on a convenience sample of 87 older adults. A revised instrument was then administered to a sample of 1755 Medicare recipients in Los Angeles County. The GOHAI demonstrated a high level of internal consistency and reliability as measured by a Cronbach's alpha of 0.79. Associations of the GOHAI with a single-item rating of dental health and with clinical and sociodemographic supported the construct validity of the index. Having fewer teeth, wearing a removable denture and perceiving the need for dental treatment were significantly related to a worse (lower) GOHAI score. Respondents who were white, well educated, and with a higher annual household income were more likely to have a high GOHAI score, indicating fewer dental problems. Additional applications of the GOHAI are necessary to further evaluate the instrument's validity and reliability, and to establish population norms of oral health in older adult populations as measured by the GOHAI.

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Effects of a mobile phone short message service on antiretroviral treatment adherence in Kenya (WelTel Kenya1): a randomised trial.

Richard Lester, Paul Ritvo, Edward Mills … (2010)

Mobile (cell) phone communication has been suggested as a method to improve delivery of health services. However, data on the effects of mobile health technology on patient outcomes in resource-limited settings are limited. We aimed to assess whether mobile phone communication between health-care workers and patients starting antiretroviral therapy in Kenya improved drug adherence and suppression of plasma HIV-1 RNA load. WelTel Kenya1 was a multisite randomised clinical trial of HIV-infected adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in three clinics in Kenya. Patients were randomised (1:1) by simple randomisation with a random number generating program to a mobile phone short message service (SMS) intervention or standard care. Patients in the intervention group received weekly SMS messages from a clinic nurse and were required to respond within 48 h. Randomisation, laboratory assays, and analyses were done by investigators masked to treatment allocation; however, study participants and clinic staff were not masked to treatment. Primary outcomes were self-reported ART adherence (>95% of prescribed doses in the past 30 days at both 6 and 12 month follow-up visits) and plasma HIV-1 viral RNA load suppression (<400 copies per mL) at 12 months. The primary analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00830622. Between May, 2007, and October, 2008, we randomly assigned 538 participants to the SMS intervention (n=273) or to standard care (n=265). Adherence to ART was reported in 168 of 273 patients receiving the SMS intervention compared with 132 of 265 in the control group (relative risk [RR] for non-adherence 0·81, 95% CI 0·69-0·94; p=0·006). Suppressed viral loads were reported in 156 of 273 patients in the SMS group and 128 of 265 in the control group, (RR for virologic failure 0·84, 95% CI 0·71-0·99; p=0·04). The number needed to treat (NNT) to achieve greater than 95% adherence was nine (95% CI 5·0-29·5) and the NNT to achieve viral load suppression was 11 (5·8-227·3). Patients who received SMS support had significantly improved ART adherence and rates of viral suppression compared with the control individuals. Mobile phones might be effective tools to improve patient outcome in resource-limited settings. US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Elham Shokouhi: e_shokouhi71@yahoo.com

Hashem Mohamadian: hmohamadian@razi.tums.ac.ir

Fatemeh Babadi: babadi.fatemeh@yahoo.com

Bahman Cheraghian: cheraghian2000@yahoo.com

Marzieh Araban:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9920-0261

+98-61-33738269 , arabanm@ajums.ac.ir , araban62@gmail.com

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biopsychosoc Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biopsychosoc Med

Title: Biopsychosocial Medicine

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1751-0759

Publication date (Electronic): 5 December 2019

Publication date PMC-release: 5 December 2019

Publication date Collection: 2019

Volume: 13

Electronic Location Identifier: 31

Affiliations

[1 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9296 6873, GRID grid.411230.5, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Public Health School, , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ; Ahvaz, Iran

[2 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9296 6873, GRID grid.411230.5, Department of Health Education and Promotion , Public Health School, , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ; Ahvaz, Iran

[3 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9296 6873, GRID grid.411230.5, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ; Ahvaz, Iran

[4 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9296 6873, GRID grid.411230.5, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Public Health School, , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ; Ahvaz, Iran

[5 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9296 6873, GRID grid.411230.5, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Social Determinants of Health Research center, Public Health School, , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, ; Ahvaz, Iran

Author information

Marzieh Araban http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9920-0261

Article

Publisher ID: 170

DOI: 10.1186/s13030-019-0170-3

PMC ID: 6902433

PubMed ID: 31827601

SO-VID: 3a15e474-3da0-4bca-9a46-acae460c20d7

License:

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

History

Date received : 8 March 2019

Date accepted : 22 October 2019

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry

Keywords: adult learning theory,oral health related quality of life,elderly,health education

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry

Keywords: adult learning theory, oral health related quality of life, elderly, health education

Improvement in oral health related quality of life among the elderly: a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Background

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Trial registration

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Most cited references 46

Oral health-related quality of life: what, why, how, and future implications.

Development of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index.

Effects of a mobile phone short message service on antiretroviral treatment adherence in Kenya (WelTel Kenya1): a randomised trial.

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