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      Predictores clínicos de tuberculosis multidrogorresistente en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar en Huánuco, Perú. 2010-2015 Translated title: Predictor factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Huánuco, Peru. 2010-2015

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción : En la ciudad de Huánuco se observa un crecimiento progresivo de casos de Tuberculosis y cada vez más frecuente la Tuberculosis multidrogorresistente, por esta razón fue necesario identificar factores predictores para desarrollar Tuberculosis multidrogorresistente. Objetivo : Determinar si la fiebre persistente, el patrón radiográfico cavitario y la baciloscopía positiva al primer mes de tratamiento son predictores de Tuberculosis multidrogorresistente en pacientes con Tuberculosis Pulmonar en cuatro establecimientos de salud de la ciudad de Huánuco, entre enero 2010 y diciembre 2015. Métodos : Estudio observacional, casos y controles. Se consideraron 37 casos y 111 controles. Los datos se recolectaron de las historias clínicas. Resultados : Los factores predictores encontrados en el análisis bivariado fueron la persistencia de la fiebre a las dos semanas (p=0, 001; OR 0,05; IC 0,01-0,5), el patrón radiográfico cavitario (p=0,000; OR 11,6; IC 4,6- 26,5), y la positividad de la baciloscopía al primer mes de tratamiento (p=0,00; OR 13,5; IC 4,1-44,6 al 95%). Estas fueron confirmadas con el análisis multivariado (p=0,08; p=0,002; p=0,00 respectivamente). Conclusión : La persistencia de la fiebre a las dos semanas, el patrón radiográfico cavitario y la baciloscopía positiva al primer mes de tratamiento mostraron asociación predictiva en forma independiente para el diagnóstico de Tuberculosis multidrogorresistente.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction : In the city of Huánuco and around the world, there is a progressive increase in cases of Tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis, for this reason it was necessary to identify predictors to develop multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis. Objective : To determine if persistent fever, cavitary radiographic pattern and positive smear microscopy at the first month of treatment, are predictors of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis, in four health facilities in the city of Huánuco, between January 2010 and December 2015. Methods : Case and control study. We considered 37 cases and 111 controls. Data were collected from medical records. Results : The predictive factors found in the bivariate analysis were persistence of fever at 2 weeks (p = 0.001, OR 0.05, CI 0.01-0.5), cavitary radiographic pattern (p = 0.000, OR 11.6, 95%IC 4.6-26.5), and smear microscopy positivity at the first month of treatment (p = 0.00, OR 13.5, 95%CI 4.1-44.6). These were confirmed by multivariate analysis (p = 0.012, p = 0.00, p = 0.00 respectively). Conclusion : The persistence of fever at two weeks, cavitary radiographic pattern and positive smear microscopy at the first month of treatment were predictive factors associated independently for the diagnosis of multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis.

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          Most cited references21

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          Multidrug resistant tuberculosis: prevalence and risk factors in districts of metema and west armachiho, Northwest Ethiopia

          Background Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging challenge for TB control programs globally. According to World health organization, 2012 report Ethiopia stands 15th out of the 27 high priority countries in the world and 3rd in Africa. Updated knowledge of the magnitude of MDR-TB is so substantial to allocate resources, and to address prevention and control measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of MDR-TB and associated risk factors in West Armachiho and Metema districts of North Gondar. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in West Armachiho and Metema districts between February 01 and June 25, 2014. A total of 124 consecutive smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients were included in the study. Socio-demographic and possible risk factor data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Drug susceptibility testing was first performed for rifampicin using GeneXpert MTB/RIF. For those rifampicin resistant strains, drug susceptibility testing was performed for both isoniazid and rifampicin to identify MDR-TB using the proportional method on LJ media. Data were analyzed using statistical Package SPSS version 20; binary logistic regression was used to assess the association. P-values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results Of 124 smear-positive pulmonary TB patients, 117 (94.4 %) were susceptible to Rifampicin, while 7 (5.7 %) were confirmed to be resistant to Rifampicin and Isoniazid. The overall prevalence of MDR-TB was 5.7 % (2.3 % among new cases and 13.9 % among previously treated cases). History of previous treatment (OR = 7, P = 0.025) was significantly associated risk factor for MDR-TB. Conclusion The overall prevalence of MDR-TB was 5.7 % among cases at five health centers and a history of previous treatment was found to be a risk factor for being infected by an MDR-TB strain. Therefore, maximizing early case detection and treatment, strengthening TB infection control activities and proper implementation of DOTS are recommended to reduce the burden of MDR-TB.
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            Yield of contact investigations in households of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

            Contact investigations among individuals living with drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients (source cases) have shown a high yield of tuberculosis disease and latent tuberculosis, but the yield of such investigations in households of drug-resistant tuberculosis source cases is unknown. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we found 25 studies that evaluated a median of 111 (interquartile range, 21-302) household contacts of drug-resistant tuberculosis source cases. The pooled yield was 7.8% (95% CI, 5.6%-10.0%) for active tuberculosis and 47.2% (95% CI, 30.0%-61.4%) for latent tuberculosis, although there was significant statistical heterogeneity (P < .0001). More than 50% of secondary cases with drug susceptibility test results were concordant with those of the source case. Among studies that followed household members, the majority of secondary cases were detected within 1 year of the source case's diagnosis. Household contact investigation around drug-resistant tuberculosis patients is a high-yield intervention for detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis and prevention of ongoing transmission.
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              Prevalence and characterization of drug-resistant tuberculosis in a local hospital of Northeast China.

              To investigate the distribution and risk factors associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) at a local hospital in Northeast China.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rfmh
                Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana
                Rev. Fac. Med. Hum.
                Universidad Ricardo Palma (URP) (Lima, , Peru )
                1814-5469
                2308-0531
                April 2020
                : 20
                : 2
                : 193-200
                Affiliations
                [1] Huánuco Huánuco orgnameUniversidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán orgdiv1Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán Peru
                [4] Huancayo orgnameHospital Nacional Ramiro Prialé Perú
                [3] Huánuco orgnameHospital Regional Hermilio Valdizán Perú
                [2] Huánuco orgnameHospital II EsSalud Perú
                Article
                S2308-05312020000200193 S2308-0531(20)02000200193
                10.25176/rfmh.v20i2.2711
                3b368b5a-e0f3-479b-ac08-9d4569985bc9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 22 January 2020
                : 10 March 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Peru

                Categories
                Artículo original

                Case - Control Studies (source: MeSH NLM).,Tuberculosis,Multidrug - Resistant Tuberculosis,Estudios de Casos y Controles (fuente: DeCS BIREME).,Tuberculosis Farmacoresistente

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