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      Prevalencia de enteroparasitos, rotavirus y adenovirus en niños aparentemente sanos Translated title: Prevalence of Enteroparasites, Rotavirus and Adenovirus in Apparently Healthy Children

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          Abstract

          Para determinar la prevalencia de parásitos intestinales, rotavirus y adenovirus en niños aparentemente sanos, se realizó el estudio parasitológico de 101 muestras fecales de individuos de uno u otro sexo, con edades comprendidas entre 2 meses y 14 años, así como el estudio virológico en 70 muestras de los niños menores de 5 años. A cada espécimen fecal se le realizó un examen coproparasitológico directo, concentración de Formol-Éter y coloración de Kinyoun. Para determinar Rotavirus y Adenovirus se empleó la técnica de Ensayo Inmunoenzimático (ELISA). Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el Ji-cuadrado (χ²) y la prueba Z. Se observó un elevado porcentaje de individuos parasitados (85,15%), los protozoarios más frecuentes fueron: Blastocystis hominis (52,47%), Giardia lamblia (26,73%) y Entamoeba coli (20,79%) y entre los helmintos Trichuris trichiura (50,49%), Ascaris lumbricoides (48,51%) y Strongyloides stercoralis (7,92%). Se observó una frecuencia de Rotavirus del 2,86% y ausencia de infección por Adenovirus. La elevada prevalencia parasitaria demuestra las condiciones de insalubridad de la comunidad, a pesar de ello, lo contrario ocurrió con los virus estudiados. Para Rotavirus quizás influyó la adquisición de anticuerpos a través de la lactancia materna, mientras que para Adenovirus entéricos, probablemente el desarrollo de anticuerpos a edad temprana.

          Translated abstract

          To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites, rotavirus and adenovirus in apparently healthy children, a parasitological study of 101 fecal samples from persons between 2 months and 14 years from both sexes was performed, as well as a virological study of 70 samples of less than 5 years of age. For each fecal specimen, a direct coproparasitological examination was performed, with Formol - Ether concentration and Modified Zielh-Nielsen tincture techniques was made. To determine the Rotavirus and Adenovirus, the immunoenzymatic assay technique (ELISA) was used. The Ji-square (c2) and the Z test were used for statistical analysis. A high percentage of people with parasites was found (85.15%). The most frequent protozoan species were: Blastocystis hominis (52.47%), Giardia lamblia (26.73.%) and Entamoeba coli (20.79%); among the helminthes were Trichuris trichiura (50.49%), Ascaris lumbricoides (48.51%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (7.92%). Rotavirus frequency was 2.86%, while Adenovirus infection was absent. The high prevalence of parasites demonstrates unhealthy conditions in the community; despite these, the opposite occurred regarding the virus being studied. Perhaps the acquisition of antibodies through maternal lactation influenced the Rotovirus percentages, whereas development of antibodies at an early age probably influenced the enteric Adenovirus.

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          Anuario de Mortalidad 2006

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            Prevalence and risk factors for protozoan and nematode infections among children in an Ecuadorian highland community.

            In order to create a parasite prevention program for Santa Ana, Ecuador, we worked with local physicians to identify the prevalence and risk factors for intestinal parasitic infection among children. Two hundred households were randomly selected and asked to submit three stool samples from a selected child. Information from direct observation and questionnaires was used to determine environmental and behavioral risk factors for parasitic infection. Prevalence of any parasitic infection was 65.6% of the 189 children who submitted fecal samples. Parasitic infections included Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (46.6%), Giardia lamblia (18.5%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (20.1%). In a multivariate logistic model, risk factors (P 1 month since antiparasitic treatment, not adding chlorine to drinking water, children not washing their hands before eating, and having a fewer number of electrical appliances in the home. The risk factor identified for G. lamblia was children not washing their hands before eating. Risk factors for A. lumbricoides included >6 months since antiparasitic treatment and having a fewer number of electrical appliances in the home. This study may have implications for other communities throughout the developing world.
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              Rotavirus type A and other enteric pathogens in stool samples from children with acute diarrhea on the Colombian northern coast.

              The present study, conducted from March 1998 to July 2000, determined the etiology of acute diarrhea in 253 young children and infants from Cartagena and Sincelejo, Colombia. In 253 stool samples, the following enteric pathogens were recovered: rotavirus type A (36.6%) as the major agent, Salmonella spp (9.0%), Shigella spp (8.0%), enteric pathogenic Escherichia coli (6.0%), enteric hemorragic Esc. coli (2.8%), Providencia alcalifaciens (2.8%), Aeromonas hydrophila (2.0%), Yersinia enterocolitica (0.8%), Entamoeba hystolitica (10%), Giardia lamblia (4%), Endolimax nana (3.2%), Ascaris lumbricoides (2.8%), Ent. coli (1.2%), Balantidium coli (0.8%), Blastocystis hominis (0.8%), Dypilidium caninum (0.4%) and hook worm sp. (0.4%). Infection with more than one pathogen occurred in 96 (37.9%) patients. Rotavirus and enteric pathogenic Esc. coli were frequent. Concurrent infection by more than one parasite occurred in 18.6% of the infants. Most rotavirus infections (76.7%) occurred in infants under 12 months. Vomiting, severe dehydration and fever were frequent in children with rotavirus infection. At least one fecal marker of inflammatory diarrhea was registered in patients with bacterial infection. To our knowledge, this is first report of P. alcalifaciens associated with infantile diarrhea in Colombia and the first description of Esc. coli O157:H7 and Y. enterocolitica in our region.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
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                Journal
                km
                Kasmera
                Kasmera
                Universidad del Zulia (Maracaibo )
                0075-5222
                June 2009
                : 37
                : 1
                : 62-73
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad del Zulia Venezuela
                [2 ] Universidad del Zulia Venezuela
                Article
                S0075-52222009000100007
                3c8aedfd-b414-4395-83c0-1382538ae094

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0075-5222&lng=en
                Categories
                TROPICAL MEDICINE

                Infectious disease & Microbiology
                Rotavirus,Adenovirus,Niños,Enteroparásitos,Children,enteroparasites,rotavirus,adenovirus

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