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      Efectos de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal sobre la función sexual de mujeres con menopausia natural o quirúrgica

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          Abstract

          Objetivo: Determinar los efectos de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal sobre la función sexual de mujeres con menopausia natural o quirúrgica, en la consulta de ginecología del Hospital “Dr. Pedro García Clara”; Municipio Lagunillas, Estado Zulia. Métodos: Investigación de tipo comparativa y aplicada, con diseño no experimental, contemporáneo y de campo, que incluyó una muestra de 80 pacientes con diagnóstico de menopausia, dividida en dos grupos de acuerdo a la toma o no de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal y a su vez en dos subgrupos de acuerdo al tipo de menopausia; las cuales fueron evaluadas mediante el índice de función sexual. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P< 0,05) a favor de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal en menopáusicas naturales e histerectomizadas en cuanto al deseo, frecuencia de la excitación, satisfacción y dolor posterior a la penetración; además de encontrarse diferencias altamente significativas en cuanto a la lubricación y a la frecuencia del orgasmo (P< 0,001). Asimismo se determinó una alta prevalencia de disfunción sexual (63,75 %) representando la ausencia de la terapia de reemplazo hormonal un riesgo significativo para disfunción sexual (OR (IC95 %)= 11,94 (3,953-36,081); P= 0,000), mientras que el tipo de menopausia no (OR (IC95 %)= 0,897 (0,360-2,234); P= 0,179). Conclusión: La puntuación total alcanzada en ambos grupos mostró diferencias significativas entre ellos, por lo cual se concluye que la terapia de reemplazo hormonal mostró ser beneficiosa para la función sexual femenina, sin repercusión aparente de la remoción o no del útero.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To determine the effects of hormone replacement therapy on sexual function in women with natural or surgical menopause at the outpatient clinic of gynecology of the Hospital “Dr. Pedro Garcia Clara”; Municipio Lagunillas, Estado Zulia. Methods: Comparative and applied type research with non-experimental, contemporary and field design, which included a sample of 80 patients diagnosed with menopause, divided into two groups according to whether or not taking hormone replacement therapy and into two subgroups according to type of menopause; measured by the female sexual function index. Results: It’s found significant differences (P <0.05) in favor of hormone replacement therapy in natural menopausal and hysterectomy in terms of desire, frequency of arousal, satisfaction and pain after penetration, in addition to being highly significant differences in terms of lubrication and orgasm frequency (P< 0.001). It also determined a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction (63.75 %) representing the absence of hormone replacement therapy a significant risk for sexual dysfunction (OR (95 %) = 11.94 (3.953 to 36.081), P = 0.000), while not the type of menopause (OR (95 %) = 0.897 (0.360 to 2.234), P = 0.179). Conclusion: The total score achieved in both groups showed significant differences between them, it was concluded that hormone replacement therapy showed to be beneficial for female sexual function, without apparent impact of the removal of the uterus or not.

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          Most cited references31

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          Sexual function in women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse.

          To compare sexual function in women with urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse and to determine the effects of therapy on sexual function. 343 community-dwelling women older than 45 years with urinary incontinence or advanced prolapse were recruited into a multi-armed clinical trial. Women with incontinence were stratified to receive estrogen therapy, behavioral therapy, or surgical therapy. Women with prolapse were enrolled in a randomized surgical trial. All women completed a standardized urogynecologic evaluation and a sexual function questionnaire at baseline and after therapy. Women with prolapse or detrusor instability were more likely to cite pelvic floor symptoms as a reason for sexual inactivity than were women with other conditions. One third of patients with prolapse reported that their pelvic floor condition affected their ability to have sexual relations "moderately" or "greatly" significantly more than did other groups. Patients with genuine stress incontinence who underwent surgical or behavioral therapy were less likely to report being worried about urine leakage during intercourse after therapy than at baseline. After surgery, women with prolapse were less likely to report that their symptoms affected their ability to have sexual relations compared with baseline. Overall sexual satisfaction was the same at baseline and remained unchanged in all therapeutic groups at 6 months. Prolapse is more likely than urinary incontinence to result in sexual inactivity and to be perceived as affecting sexual relations. However, overall sexual satisfaction appears to be independent of diagnosis of or therapy for urinary incontinence or prolapse.
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            Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in a cohort of middle-aged women: influences of menopause and hormone replacement therapy.

            In order to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and related risk factors in a cohort of middle-aged women the Laumann's test (DSM-IV) was passed to 534 healthy women between 40 and 64 years old (mean: 52.4+/-5.7) attending the Southern Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago de Chile. Of all the women, 82.8% were peri- or postmenopausal, 23% had received hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and 79.2% were sexually active. Among those who were sexually active a total of 51.3% presented SD. The prevalence of SD increased with age (from 22.2% in the 40-44-year age group to 66% in the 60-64-year age group). HRT users and healthy women presented a lower risk of SD (OR: 0.1 CI: 0.0-0.1 and OR: 0.6 CI: 0.3-0.9, respectively). The risk increased after the menopause (OR: 3.3 CI: 1.6-6.9) and with age older than 49 years (OR: 3.4 CI: 1.8-6.4), hysterectomy (OR: 3.7 CI: 1.3-10.6) and when male partners presented erectile dysfunction (OR: 3.2 CI: 1.2-8.6). In conclusion sexual dysfunction affects more than 51% of middle-aged women who are sexually active and increases with age. Ovarian function and HRT significantly influence sexual activity.
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              • Article: not found

              Female sexual function and dysfunction.

              This article identifies models of sexual function, defines and categorizes sexual dysfunction, and identifies therapeutic modalities for patients who have sexual dysfunction. Additionally, it discusses some of the questionnaires used to evaluate sexual function.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                og
                Revista de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Venezuela
                Rev Obstet Ginecol Venez
                Sociedad de Obstetricia y Ginecología de Venezuela (Caracas )
                0048-7732
                September 2014
                : 74
                : 3
                : 184-192
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidad del Zulia Venezuela
                Article
                S0048-77322014000300007
                3c982f8a-3d41-4ec2-8b6a-c9817be98f85

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Venezuela

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.org.ve/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0048-7732&lng=en
                Categories
                OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

                Obstetrics & Gynecology
                Female sexual function,hysterectomy,menopause,reemplacement therapy,Función sexual femenina,histerectomía,menopausia,terapia de reemplazo hormonal

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