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      Redescription of the Dikraneurini leafhopper Dikrellamella Ruppel & DeLong, 1952 (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) with a synoptic checklist of leafhoppers on avocado trees in Mexico

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          Abstract

          Abstract

          Among leafhoppers ( Hemiptera , Cicadellidae ), only Typhlocybinae are known in Mexico to inhabit avocado, an important horticultural crop. In this paper, a potential avocado pest, Dikrella mella Ruppel & DeLong, 1952, is redescribed and illustrated. Additionally, a detailed checklist and a key for all known species of Typhlocybinae associated with avocado trees in Mexico are provided.

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          Insect vector interactions with persistently transmitted viruses.

          The majority of described plant viruses are transmitted by insects of the Hemipteroid assemblage that includes aphids, whiteflies, leafhoppers, planthoppers, and thrips. In this review we highlight progress made in research on vector interactions of the more than 200 plant viruses that are transmitted by hemipteroid insects beginning a few hours or days after acquisition and for up to the life of the insect, i.e., in a persistent-circulative or persistent-propagative mode. These plant viruses move through the insect vector, from the gut lumen into the hemolymph or other tissues and finally into the salivary glands, from which these viruses are introduced back into the plant host during insect feeding. The movement and/or replication of the viruses in the insect vectors require specific interactions between virus and vector components. Recent investigations have resulted in a better understanding of the replication sites and tissue tropism of several plant viruses that propagate in insect vectors. Furthermore, virus and insect proteins involved in overcoming transmission barriers in the vector have been identified for some virus-vector combinations.
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            Insect vectors of phytoplasmas.

            Plant diseases caused by, or associated with, phytoplasmas occur in hundreds of commercial and native plants, causing minor to extensive damage. Insect vectors, primarily leafhoppers, planthoppers, and psyllids, have been identified for relatively few phytoplasma diseases, limiting the capacity of managers to make informed decisions to protect crops and endangered indigenous plants. In the past two decades our knowledge of insect vector-phytoplasma interactions has increased dramatically, allowing researchers to make more accurate predictions about the nature and epidemiology of phytoplasma diseases. These better-characterized systems also may provide clues to the identity of insect vectors of other phytoplasma-associated diseases. We review the literature addressing the ecology of insect vectors, phytoplasma-insect ecological and molecular interactions, vector movement and dispersal, and possible management strategies with an emphasis on research from the past 20 years.
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              Arthropod Transmission of Plant Viruses: a New Synthesis

              L. Nault (1997)
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Zookeys
                Zookeys
                2
                urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048d35-bb1d-5ce8-9668-537e44bd4c7e
                urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A
                ZooKeys
                Pensoft Publishers
                1313-2989
                1313-2970
                2019
                24 June 2019
                : 857
                : 17-27
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, km 15.5 carretera Guadalajara-Nogales, Las Agujas, Zapopan, C.P. 45110, Apdo. Postal 139, Jalisco, México Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Mexico
                [2 ] Prairie Research Institute, 2204 Griffith Dr., Building 11 Dock A, Champaign, IL 61820, USA Prairie Research Institute Champaign United States of America
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: J. Adilson Pinedo-Escatel ( adilson1030@ 123456gmail.com )

                Academic editor: C.H. Dietrich

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7664-860X
                Article
                33910 urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:529c604c-f6e7-5991-ba85-5f49e8e376dd urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F76369D4-5CDE-43B6-B6B6-C483F46DC7F5
                10.3897/zookeys.857.33910
                6603005
                3dfdd467-a770-4cb7-979c-a5acf353a552
                J. Adilson Pinedo-Escatel, Dmitry Dmitriev

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 18 February 2019
                : 06 May 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: National Science Foundation 100000001 http://doi.org/10.13039/100000001
                Categories
                Research Article
                Auchenorrhyncha
                Cicadellidae
                Membracoidea
                Catalogues and Checklists
                Faunistics & Distribution
                Identification key
                Systematics
                Taxonomy
                Americas
                Mexico
                North America

                Animal science & Zoology
                alconeura , auchenorrhyncha , empoasca , empoascini , idona , joruma , typhlocybinae ,animalia,hemiptera,cicadellidae

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