mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits comparable B cell expansion, neutralizing antibodies and protection against Omicron

Gagne, Matthew; Moliva, Juan I; Foulds, Kathryn E; Andrew, Shayne F; Flynn, Barbara J.; Werner, Anne P.; Wagner, Danielle A; Teng, I-Ting; Lin, Bob C; Moore, Christopher; Jean-Baptiste, Nazaire; Carroll, Robin M.; Foster, Stephanie L; Patel, Mit A.; Ellis, Madison M; Edara, Venkata-Viswanadh; Maldonado, Nahara Vargas; Minai, Mahnaz; McCormick, Lauren; Honeycutt, Christopher Cole; Nagata, Bianca M.; Bock, Kevin W.; Dulan, Caitlyn N. M.; Cordon, Jamilet; Todd, John-Paul M.; McCarthy, Elizabeth P.; Pessaint, Laurent; Van Ry, Alex; Narvaez, Brandon; Valentin, Daniel; Cook, Anthony; Dodson, Alan; Steingrebe, Katelyn; Flebbe, Dillon R.; Nurmukhambetova, Saule T.; Godbole, Sucheta; Henry, Amy R; Laboune, Farida; Roberts-Torres, Jesmine; Lorang, Cynthia G; Amin, Shivani; Trost, Jessica F.; Naisan, Mursal; Basappa, Manjula; Willis, Jacquelyn; Wang, Lingshu; Shi, Wei; Doria-Rose, Nicole A.; Olia, Adam S.; Liu, Cuiping; Harris, Darcy R.; Carfi, Andrea; Mascola, John R.; Kwong, Peter D.; Edwards, Darin K.; Andersen, Hanne; Lewis, Mark G; Corbett, Kizzmekia S.; Nason, Martha C; McDermott, Adrian B; Suthar, Mehul S.; Moore, Ian N.; Roederer, Mario; Sullivan, Nancy J; Douek, Daniel C.; Seder, Robert A.

doi:10.1101/2022.02.03.479037

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mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron boost in vaccinated macaques elicits comparable B cell expansion, neutralizing antibodies and protection against Omicron

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Author(s): Matthew Gagne , Juan I. Moliva , Kathryn E. Foulds , Shayne F. Andrew , Barbara J. Flynn , Anne P. Werner , Danielle A. Wagner , I-Ting Teng , Bob C. Lin , Christopher Moore , Nazaire Jean-Baptiste , Robin Carroll , Stephanie L. Foster , Mit Patel , Madison Ellis , Venkata-Viswanadh Edara , Nahara Vargas Maldonado , Mahnaz Minai , Lauren McCormick , Christopher Cole Honeycutt , Bianca M. Nagata , Kevin W. Bock , Caitlyn N. M. Dulan , Jamilet Cordon , John-Paul M. Todd , Elizabeth McCarthy , Laurent Pessaint , Alex Van Ry , Brandon Narvaez , Daniel Valentin , Anthony Cook , Alan Dodson , Katelyn Steingrebe , Dillon R. Flebbe , Saule T. Nurmukhambetova , Sucheta Godbole , Amy R. Henry , Farida Laboune , Jesmine Roberts-Torres , Cynthia G. Lorang , Shivani Amin , Jessica Trost , Mursal Naisan , Manjula Basappa , Jacquelyn Willis , Lingshu Wang , Wei Shi , Nicole A. Doria-Rose , Adam S. Olia , Cuiping Liu , Darcy R. Harris , Andrea Carfi , John R. Mascola , Peter D. Kwong , Darin K. Edwards , Hanne Andersen , Mark G. Lewis , Kizzmekia S. Corbett , Martha C. Nason , Adrian B. McDermott , Mehul S. Suthar , Ian N. Moore , Mario Roederer , Nancy J. Sullivan , Daniel C. Douek , Robert A. Seder

Publication date (Electronic preprint): February 04 2022

Publisher: bioRxiv

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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is highly transmissible and has substantial resistance to antibody neutralization following immunization with ancestral spike-matched vaccines. It is unclear whether boosting with Omicron-specific vaccines would enhance immunity and protection. Here, nonhuman primates that received mRNA-1273 at weeks 0 and 4 were boosted at week 41 with mRNA-1273 or mRNA-Omicron. Neutralizing antibody titers against D614G were 4760 and 270 reciprocal ID ₅₀ at week 6 (peak) and week 41 (pre-boost), respectively, and 320 and 110 for Omicron. Two weeks after boost, titers against D614G and Omicron increased to 5360 and 2980, respectively, for mRNA-1273 and 2670 and 1930 for mRNA-Omicron. Following either boost, 70-80% of spike-specific B cells were cross-reactive against both WA1 and Omicron. Significant and equivalent control of virus replication in lower airways was observed following either boost. Therefore, an Omicron boost may not provide greater immunity or protection compared to a boost with the current mRNA-1273 vaccine.