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      GAS EXCHANGE IN DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF BANANA PRATA IN SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENT Translated title: TROCAS GASOSAS EM DIFERENTES CULTIVARES DE BANANEIRAS TIPO PRATA EM AMBIENTE SEMIÁRIDO

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate gas exchange of banana Prata in two production cycles in semiarid environment. Six cultivars were used as treatments arranged into a completely randomized design with five replications and four plants per plot. For physiological characteristics, it was considered a factorial arrangement of 6x14x2, six cultivars, 14 periods (months), two readings, 8:00 and 14:00 in each period. The rates of gas exchange, the carboxylation efficiency and the instantaneous efficiency of water use were higher at 8:00 and lower at 14:00, with rare exceptions. The ‘BRS Platina’ had a higher leaf temperature, higher transpiration and lower water use efficiency. ‘Prata-Anã’, ‘FHIA-18’ and ‘Maravilha’ expressed lower leaf temperature and lower transpiration. The ‘Maravilha’ is the most efficient in water use. Transpiration increases linearly with the leaf temperature, while the instantaneous efficiency of water use decreases linearly.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas de bananeiras tipo Prata, em dois ciclos de produção em ambiente semiárido. Utilizaram-se seis cultivares como tratamentos dispostos em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições e quatro plantas úteis por parcela. Para as características fisiológicas, considerou-se um arranjo em esquema fatorial 6x14x2, seis cultivares, 14 épocas de avaliação (meses) e dois horários de leitura (8h e 14h), em cada época. As taxas de trocas gasosas, a eficiência de carboxilação e a eficiência instantânea do uso da água foram maiores às 8h e menores às 14h, com raras exceções. A ‘BRS Platina’ apresentou maior temperatura foliar, maior transpiração e menor eficiência de uso da água. ‘Prata-Anã’, ‘FHIA-18’ e ‘Maravilha’ expressaram menor temperatura foliar e menor transpiração. A ’Maravilha’ é mais eficiente no uso da água. A transpiração aumenta de maneira linear com o aumento da temperatura foliar, enquanto a eficiência instantânea do uso da água decresce linearmente.

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          Screening the banana biodiversity for drought tolerance: can an in vitro growth model and proteomics be used as a tool to discover tolerant varieties and understand homeostasis

          There is a great need for research aimed at understanding drought tolerance, screening for drought tolerant varieties and breeding crops with an improved water use efficiency. Bananas and plantains are a major staple food and export product with a worldwide production of over 135 million tonnes per year. Water however is the most limiting abiotic factor in banana production. A screening of the Musa biodiversity has not yet been performed. We at KU Leuven host the Musa International Germplasm collection with over 1200 accessions. To screen the Musa biodiversity for drought tolerant varieties, we developed a screening test for in vitro plants. Five varieties representing different genomic constitutions in banana (AAAh, AAA, AAB, AABp, and ABB) were selected and subjected to a mild osmotic stress. The ABB variety showed the smallest stress induced growth reduction. To get an insight into the acclimation and the accomplishment of homeostasis, the leaf proteome of this variety was characterized via 2D DIGE. After extraction of the leaf proteome of six control and six stressed plants, 2600 spots could be distinguished. A PCA analysis indicates that control and stressed plants can blindly be classified based on their proteome. One hundred and twelve proteins were significantly more abundant in the stressed plants and 18 proteins were significantly more abundant in control plants (FDR α 0.05). Twenty four differential proteins could be identified. The proteome analysis clearly shows that there is a new balance in the stressed plants and that the respiration, metabolism of ROS and several dehydrogenases involved in NAD/NADH homeostasis play an important role.
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            Ecophysiology of tropical tree crops: an introduction

            In this special issue, ecophysiology of major tropical tree crops, considered here on a broader sense and including species such as banana, cashew, cassava, citrus, cocoa, coconut, coffee, mango, papaya, rubber, and tea, are examined. For most of these crops, photosynthesis is treated as a central process affecting growth and crop performance. The crop physiological responses to environmental factors such as water availability and temperature are highlighted. Several gaps in our database concerning ecophysiology of tropical tree crops are indicated, major advances are examined, and needs of further researches are delineated.
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              Acclimation of photosynthesis and growth of banana (Musasp.) to natural shade in the humid tropics

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rbf
                Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura
                Rev. Bras. Frutic.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
                1806-9967
                2016
                : 38
                : 2
                : e-600
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto Federal Baiano Brasil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Viçosa Brazil
                [3 ] Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura Brazil
                Article
                S0100-29452016000200601
                10.1590/0100-29452016600
                4120ceb7-6ac9-40d0-95ae-69615e967fb8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0100-2945&lng=en
                Categories
                HORTICULTURE

                Horticulture
                Musa spp.,AAB and AAAB,physiological variables,AAB e AAAB,variáveis fisiológicas
                Horticulture
                Musa spp., AAB and AAAB, physiological variables, AAB e AAAB, variáveis fisiológicas

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