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      Knowledge about traumatic World War II experiences among ancestors and subjective well-being of young adults: A person-centred perspective

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          Abstract

          Objectives

          The aim of our study is to examine the association between knowledge about the World War II (WWII)-related traumatic experiences of their ancestors and subjective well-being (SWB) of young adults, i.e., descendants of Polish survivors of WWII. Specifically, we focus on the life satisfaction and the mental, physical, and psychosocial well-being of our participants in relation to their knowledge about WWII trauma in their family histories.

          Method

          The sample comprised 500 Polish young adults recruited from a nonclinical general population. Participants first filled out a questionnaire assessing their knowledge about traumatic events that their ancestors could have experienced during WWII (see grandparents/mothers, great-grandparents/mothers). After that, subjects were given inventories to assess their SWB, i.e., the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28).

          Results

          Latent profile analysis was applied to extract profiles of participants differing with regard to the scope of knowledge about WWII-related traumatic experiences among ancestors. Specifically, six profiles were observed, and a general lack of knowledge about this kind of trauma in the family was characteristic of the sample. We also found differences in SWB across profiles of participants, with worse SWB in the profiles with the highest lack of knowledge about WWII-related traumatic experiences in the family.

          Conclusion

          Our study adds to the literature on intergenerational trauma by applying a person-centred perspective, a methodological approach almost invisible in research on that topic. In addition, our findings can serve as a stimulus for more comprehensive debate on WWII trauma in Polish society.

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          Most cited references25

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          The psychology of life stories.

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            Holocaust Exposure Induced Intergenerational Effects on FKBP5 Methylation

            The involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in intergenerational transmission of stress effects has been demonstrated in animals but not in humans.
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              Historical trauma in American Indian/Native Alaska communities: a multilevel framework for exploring impacts on individuals, families, and communities.

              Over multiple generations, American Indian communities have endured a succession of traumatic events that have enduring consequences for community members. This article presents a multilevel framework for exploring the impact of historically traumatic events on individuals, families, and communities. The critical connection between historically traumatic events and contemporary stressors is also discussed at length.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: SupervisionRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Methodology
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Methodology
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                24 August 2020
                2020
                : 15
                : 8
                : e0237859
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
                [2 ] Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
                [3 ] Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
                University of Sao Paulo Medical School, BRAZIL
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4230-3806
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7667-5803
                Article
                PONE-D-20-05928
                10.1371/journal.pone.0237859
                7446788
                32833986
                42746768-6300-4585-8776-d1958052eb78
                © 2020 Rzeszutek et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 2 March 2020
                : 4 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 4, Pages: 13
                Funding
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006445, Uniwersytet Warszawski;
                Award ID: The study was co-financed from the internal funds of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw and Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript."
                Award Recipient :
                The study was co-financed from the internal funds of the Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw (grant recipient Marcin Rzeszutek), the Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities (grant recipient Maja Lis-Turlejska) and the Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw (grant recipient Daniel Pankowski). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Social Sciences
                Sociology
                Human Families
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Age Groups
                Adults
                Young Adults
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Ethnicities
                European People
                Slavic People
                Polish People
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Health Care
                Psychological and Psychosocial Issues
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Psychometrics
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Psychometrics
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Mood Disorders
                Depression
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Neuropsychiatric Disorders
                Anxiety Disorders
                Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Mental Health and Psychiatry
                Neuroses
                Anxiety Disorders
                Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
                Custom metadata
                Data are included in the Supporting Information.

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