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      Morfo-anatomia foliar de Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC. - Myrtaceae Translated title: Leaf morphoanatomy of Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC. - Myrtaceae

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          Abstract

          Folhas de Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC. são usadas na medicina popular como hipoglicemiantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar morfológica e anatomicamente as folhas desta planta, de modo que os dados obtidos possam ser utilizados como referência em exames de controle de qualidade de amostras de fármacos, com vistas a verificar a autenticidade. Folhas inteiras foram diafanizadas e coradas para o estudo da nervação. Secções transversais do pecíolo e transversais e paradérmicas da lâmina foliar foram analisadas em microscópio óptico (MO) e a superfície do limbo foi observada, também, em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Foram aplicados testes histoquímicos em material fresco, para identificação e localização de glicídios, amido, taninos, lignina, cristais e sílica. Morfologicamente, a folha é simples, oval-elíptica, com margem inteira, base aguda, ápice acuminado e textura cartácea. A venação é do tipo camptódromo-broquidódromo. Anatomicamente, a folha é hipostomática, com mesofilo compacto e dorsiventral, com três estratos de parênquima paliçádico. A epiderme é uniestratificada, silicificada em algumas regiões e as células exibem paredes anticlinais retas. Em posição subepidérmica ocorrem numerosas cavidades secretoras de óleos essenciais. Os feixes vasculares são colaterais e acompanhados por séries cristalíferas. Os dados obtidos são comparados com os de outras espécies de Myrtaceae e conclui-se que as características morfológicas e anatômicas de M. multiflora contribuem para a diagnose.

          Translated abstract

          Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC. leaves have been used in folk medicine as hypoglycemic. The aim of this work is to describe morphoanatomically the leaves of this plant in order to use the obtained data as reference in quality control tests of drug samples, investigating their authenticity. Whole leaves were diaphanized and stained for venation study. Petiole transverse sections and leaf blade transverse and paradermal sections were analyzed under an optical microscope (OM). Leaf surface was also observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Histochemical tests were done using fresh material to identify and locate carbohydrates, starch, tannins, lignin, crystals and silica. Morphologically, the leaf is simple, oval-elliptical, with entire margin, acute base, acuminate apex and chartaceous texture. The venation pattern is camptodromous-brochidodromous. Anatomically, the leaf is hipostomatic, with compact and dorsiventral mesophyll, containing three layers of palisade parenchyma. The epidermis is uniseriate, silicified in some regions and presents cells with straight anticlinal walls. In the subepidermal position, there are several essential oil secretory cavities. Vascular bundles are collateral and surrounded by crystalliferous series. The obtained data were compared to those of other Myrtaceae species , leading to the conclusion that, the morphoanatomical traits of M. multiflora contribute to its diagnosis.

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          Most cited references43

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          Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils.

          In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the use of natural substances, and some questions concerning the safety of synthetic compounds have encouraged more detailed studies of plant resources. Essential oils, odorous and volatile products of plant secondary metabolism, have a wide application in folk medicine, food flavouring and preservation as well as in fragrance industries. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils have been known for many centuries. In recent years (1987-2001), a large number of essential oils and their constituents have been investigated for their antimicrobial properties against some bacteria and fungi in more than 500 reports. This paper reviews the classical methods commonly used for the evaluation of essential oils antibacterial and antifungal activities. The agar diffusion method (paper disc and well) and the dilution method (agar and liquid broth) as well as turbidimetric and impedimetric monitoring of microorganism growth in the presence of tested essential oils are described. Factors influencing the in vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils and the mechanisms of essential oils action on microorganisms are reported. This paper gives an overview on the susceptibility of human and food-borne bacteria and fungi towards different essential oils and their constituents. Essential oils of spices and herbs (thyme, origanum, mint, cinnamon, salvia and clove) were found to possess the strongest antimicrobial properties among many tested.
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            Plant microtechnique

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              Practical plant anatomy

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbpm
                Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais
                Rev. bras. plantas med.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais (Botucatu, SP, Brazil )
                1516-0572
                1983-084X
                2011
                : 13
                : 1
                : 43-51
                Affiliations
                [02] São Paulo orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Instituto de Biociências orgdiv2Departamento de Botânica Brasil
                [01] Rio de Janeiro orgnameUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes orgdiv2Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Brasil
                Article
                S1516-05722011000100007 S1516-0572(11)01300107
                459a6bc9-9b8d-4155-b813-c10ceb833632

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 April 2009
                : 15 December 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Brazil


                plantas medicinais,leaf anatomy,leaf morphology,Myrcia multiflora,Myrtaceae,medicinal plants,anatomia foliar,morfologia foliar

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