Facile fabrication of fluorescent Fe-doped carbon quantum dots for dopamine sensing and bioimaging application

Author(s): Shujuan Zhuo ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Yuanyuan Guan ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Hui Li ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Jing Fang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Ping Zhang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Jinyan Du ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Changqing Zhu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵

Publication date (Electronic): 2019

Journal: The Analyst

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Abstract

A facile Fe-doped carbon quantum dot based fluorescent sensor for dopamine sensing and bioimaging was constructed.

Abstract

In this paper, we have presented a novel strategy to fabricate Fe-doped carbon quantum dots (Fe-CQDs) for dopamine sensing applications. The Fe-CQDs are obtained by one step hydrothermal carbonization, using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid salts and ferric nitrate as the carbon and iron source, which simultaneously incorporates Fe (dopamine-bonding site) and luminescent carbon quantum dots (fluorophores). The added dopamine containing catechol groups might form complexes with Fe ions (doped in CQDs) due to coordination. Subsequently, dopamine was oxidized to generate dopamine-quinone (a known potent electron acceptor) species by ambient O ₂. Thus, the coordination induced dopamine in proximity to the CQDs, which provided favourable electron acceptors in close proximity to the CQDs and produced high quenching efficiencies. Such fluorescence responses can be used for well quantifying dopamine in the range of 0.01–50 μM with a detection limit of 5 nM (S/N = 3). The proposed sensing system has been successfully used for the assay of dopamine in human urine samples. Preliminary cell image study indicates that the obtained Fe-CQDs possess high photostability and low cytotoxicity, which make them promising for biological applications.

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A facile ultrasonic route for the fabrication of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with upconverted emission is presented. The as-prepared GQDs exhibit an excitation-independent downconversion and upconversion photoluminescent (PL) behavior, and the complex photocatalysts (rutile TiO(2)/GQD and anatase TiO(2)/GQD systems) were designed to harness the visible spectrum of sunlight. It is interesting that the photocatalytic rate of the rutile TiO(2)/GQD complex system is ca. 9 times larger than that of the anatase TiO(2)/GQD complex under visible light (λ > 420 nm) irradiation in the degradation of methylene blue.

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pH-induced metal-ligand cross-links inspired by mussel yield self-healing polymer networks with near-covalent elastic moduli.

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