Application of Advanced Nanomaterials for Kidney Failure Treatment and Regeneration

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Abstract

The implementation of nanomedicine not only provides enhanced drug solubility and reduced off-target adverse effects, but also offers novel theranostic approaches in clinical practice. The increasing number of studies on the application of nanomaterials in kidney therapies has provided hope in a more efficient strategy for the treatment of renal diseases. The combination of biotechnology, material science and nanotechnology has rapidly gained momentum in the realm of therapeutic medicine. The establishment of the bedrock of this emerging field has been initiated and an exponential progress is observed which might significantly improve the quality of human life. In this context, several approaches based on nanomaterials have been applied in the treatment and regeneration of renal tissue. The presented review article in detail describes novel strategies for renal failure treatment with the use of various nanomaterials (including carbon nanotubes, nanofibrous membranes), mesenchymal stem cells-derived nanovesicles, and nanomaterial-based adsorbents and membranes that are used in wearable blood purification systems and synthetic kidneys.

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Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

Jaison Jeevanandam, Ahmed Barhoum, Yen S Chan … (2018)

Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained prominence in technological advancements due to their tunable physical, chemical and biological properties with enhanced performance over their bulk counterparts. NMs are categorized depending on their size, composition, shape, and origin. The ability to predict the unique properties of NMs increases the value of each classification. Due to increased growth of production of NMs and their industrial applications, issues relating to toxicity are inevitable. The aim of this review is to compare synthetic (engineered) and naturally occurring nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructured materials (NSMs) to identify their nanoscale properties and to define the specific knowledge gaps related to the risk assessment of NPs and NSMs in the environment. The review presents an overview of the history and classifications of NMs and gives an overview of the various sources of NPs and NSMs, from natural to synthetic, and their toxic effects towards mammalian cells and tissue. Additionally, the types of toxic reactions associated with NPs and NSMs and the regulations implemented by different countries to reduce the associated risks are also discussed.

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Exosomes: extracellular organelles important in intercellular communication.

Suresh Mathivanan, Hong Ji, Richard J. Simpson (2010)

In addition to intracellular organelles, eukaryotic cells also contain extracellular organelles that are released, or shed, into the microenvironment. These membranous extracellular organelles include exosomes, shedding microvesicles (SMVs) and apoptotic blebs (ABs), many of which exhibit pleiotropic biological functions. Because extracellular organelle terminology is often confounding, with many preparations reported in the literature being mixtures of extracellular vesicles, there is a growing need to clarify nomenclature and to improve purification strategies in order to discriminate the biochemical and functional activities of these moieties. Exosomes are formed by the inward budding of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and are released from the cell into the microenvironment following the fusion of MVBs with the plasma membrane (PM). In this review we focus on various strategies for purifying exosomes and discuss their biophysical and biochemical properties. An update on proteomic analysis of exosomes from various cell types and body fluids is provided and host-cell specific proteomic signatures are also discussed. Because the ectodomain of ~42% of exosomal integral membrane proteins are also found in the secretome, these vesicles provide a potential source of serum-based membrane protein biomarkers that are reflective of the host cell. ExoCarta, an exosomal protein and RNA database (http://exocarta.ludwig.edu.au), is described. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey.

Luxia Zhang, Fang Wang, Li WANG … (2012)

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease is high in developing countries. However, no national survey of chronic kidney disease has been done incorporating both estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria in a developing country with the economic diversity of China. We aimed to measure the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China with such a survey. We did a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of Chinese adults. Chronic kidney disease was defined as eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1·73 m(2) or the presence of albuminuria. Participants completed a lifestyle and medical history questionnaire and had their blood pressure measured, and blood and urine samples taken. Serum creatinine was measured and used to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Urinary albumin and creatinine were tested to assess albuminuria. The crude and adjusted prevalence of indicators of kidney damage were calculated and factors associated with the presence of chronic kidney disease analysed by logistic regression. 50,550 people were invited to participate, of whom 47,204 agreed. The adjusted prevalence of eGFR less than 60 mL/min per 1·73 m(2) was 1·7% (95% CI 1·5-1·9) and of albuminuria was 9·4% (8·9-10·0). The overall prevalence of chronic kidney disease was 10·8% (10·2-11·3); therefore the number of patients with chronic kidney disease in China is estimated to be about 119·5 million (112·9-125·0 million). In rural areas, economic development was independently associated with the presence of albuminuria. The prevalence of chronic kidney disease was high in north (16·9% [15·1-18·7]) and southwest (18·3% [16·4-20·4]) regions compared with other regions. Other factors independently associated with kidney damage were age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, history of cardiovascular disease, hyperuricaemia, area of residence, and economic status. Chronic kidney disease has become an important public health problem in China. Special attention should be paid to residents in economically improving rural areas and specific geographical regions in China. The Ministry of Science and Technology (China); the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai; the National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Department of Health, Jiangsu Province; the Sichuan Science and Technology Department; the Ministry of Education (China); the International Society of Nephrology Research Committee; and the China Health and Medical Development Foundation. Copyright Â© 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Roman Perez Antoñanzas: Role: Academic Editor

Giovanni Vozzi: Role: Academic Editor

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Materials (Basel)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Materials (Basel)

Journal ID (publisher-id): materials

Title: Materials

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1996-1944

Publication date (Electronic): 29 May 2021

Publication date Collection: June 2021

Volume: 14

Issue: 11

Electronic Location Identifier: 2939

Affiliations

[1 ]Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh 7815155158, Iran; ftekhari@ 123456ymail.com

[2 ]Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 1/1, Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119991 Moscow, Russia; hrovshan@ 123456hotmail.com

[3 ]Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614756, Iran; maleki.s.89@ 123456gmail.com

[4 ]Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614756, Iran; s.m.khatibi@ 123456irri.org (S.M.H.K.); sepide.zununi@ 123456gmail.com (S.Z.V.)

[5 ]Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland

[6 ]Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Management, Azerbaijan Medical University, AZ 1022 Baku, Azerbaijan; mahbubav_amu@ 123456rambler.ru (M.V.); sevil66@ 123456mail.ru (S.M.)

[7 ]Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, AZ 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan

[8 ]Institute of Radiation Problems, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, AZ 1001 Baku, Azerbaijan

[9 ]Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614756, Iran

Author notes

[* ]Correspondence: ahmadian.elham@ 123456yahoo.com (E.A.); agata.przekora@ 123456umlub.pl (A.P.); ardalan34@ 123456yahoo.com (M.A.); hasanzadehm@ 123456tbzmed.ac.ir (M.H.); Tel.: +48-81-448-7026 (A.P.)

Author information

Solmaz Maleki Dizaj https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-7222

Elham Ahmadian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7230-0489

Agata Przekora https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-1309

Mohammadreza Ardalan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-5460

Sepideh Zununi Vahed https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0179-4562

Mohammad Hasanzadeh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4918-1239

Article

Publisher ID: materials-14-02939

DOI: 10.3390/ma14112939

PMC ID: 8198057

PubMed ID: 34072461

SO-VID: 48b445e5-36cf-41de-9575-502749d24010

License:

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Application of Advanced Nanomaterials for Kidney Failure Treatment and Regeneration

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Most cited references 129

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

Exosomes: extracellular organelles important in intercellular communication.

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey.

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