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      Efecto del zumo de sandía (Citrullus lanatus) en el estrés oxidativo en espermatozoides humanos Translated title: Effect of watermelon juice (Citrullus lanatus) on oxidative stress in human sperm

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: Las alteraciones reproductivas de causa masculina relacionadas con el estrés oxidativo son cada día más estudiadas y dan cuenta de causas de infertilidad diagnosticada como idiopáticas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del zumo de sandía sobre los parámetros seminales convencionales y funcionales in vitro e in vivo. Materiales y métodos: Cinco muestras de espermatozoides puros fueron incubados con peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2, 5mM) y 0,45% de extracto de sandía, se determinó la movilidad espermática al tiempo 0, 30 y 60 minutos. En los ensayos in vivo se incluyeron 20 individuos a los cuales se les determinaron los parámetros espermáticos convencionales, funcionales y la capacidad antioxidante del plasma seminal por microscopía, citometría y espectrofotometría en los días 0, 7 y 15 después de iniciar el consumo diario de 16 onzas de zumo de sandía. Resultados: El extracto de sandía protege a los espermatozoides del efecto deletéreo del H2O2 sobre la movilidad espermática. Además, el consumo regular de jugo de sandía disminuye la lipoperoxidación de la membrana espermática, la producción intracelular de especies reactivas del oxígeno, el índice de fragmentación del ADN el día 15 y la capacidad antioxidante el día 7 y 15. Conclusiones: El extracto de sandía genera un efecto protector sobre los espermatozoides humanos in vitro, protegiendo su movilidad del efecto negativo del H2O2. Además, si bien el consumo regular de zumo de sandía no mejora los parámetros seminales convencionales, si mejora algunos parámetros funcionales relacionados con el estrés oxidativo.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Objetive: Male reproductive alterations related to oxidative stress are increasingly studied and account for causes of infertility diagnosed as idiopathic. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of watermelon juice on conventional and functional seminal parameters in vitro and in vivo. Materials and methods: Five samples of pure sperm were incubated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 5mM) and 0.45% watermelon extract, sperm motility was determined at time 0, 30 and 60 minutes. In vivo assays, 20 individuals were included. Conventional and functional sperm parameters, and antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma using microscopy, cytometry and spectrophotometry were determined on days 0, 7 and 15 after starting daily consumption of 16 ounces of watermelon juice. Results: Watermelon extract protects sperm cells from the deleterious effect of H2O2 on sperm motility. In addition, regular consumption of watermelon juice decreases sperm membrane lipoperoxidation, intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation index on day 15 and antioxidant capacity on day 7 and 15. Conclusion: Watermelon extract generates a protective effect on human sperm in vitro, protecting sperm motility from the negative effect of H2O2. In addition, although regular consumption of watermelon juice does not improve conventional seminal parameters, it does improve some functional parameters related to oxidative stress.

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          Structure and properties of carotenoids in relation to function.

          The basic principles of structure, stereochemistry, and nomenclature of carotenoids are described and the relationships between structure and the chemical and physical properties on which all the varied biological functions and actions of carotenoids depend are discussed. The conjugated polyene chromophore determines not only the light absorption properties, and hence color, but also the photochemical properties of the molecule and consequent light-harvesting and photoprotective action. The polyene chain is also the feature mainly responsible for the chemical reactivity of carotenoids toward oxidizing agents and free radicals, and hence for any antioxidant role. In vivo, carotenoids are found in precise locations and orientations in subcellular structures, and their chemical and physical properties are strongly influenced by other molecules in their vicinity, especially proteins and membrane lipids. In turn, the carotenoids influence the properties of these subcellular structures. Structural features such as size, shape, and polarity are essential determinants of the ability of a carotenoid to fit correctly into its molecular environment to allow it to function. A role for carotenoids in modifying structure, properties, and stability of cell membranes, and thus affecting molecular processes associated with these membranes, may be an important aspect of their possible beneficial effects on human health.--Britton, G. Structure and properties of carotenoids in relation to function.
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            Role of reactive oxygen species in the pathophysiology of human reproduction.

            To summarize the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of human reproduction. Review of literature. Fertility research center and obstetrics and gynecology department in a tertiary care facility. ROS plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of many reproductive processes. In male-factor infertility. oxidative stress attacks the fluidity of the sperm plasma membrane and the integrity of DNA in the sperm nucleus. Reactive oxygen species induced DNA damage may accelerate the process of germ cell apoptosis, leading to the decline in sperm counts associated with male infertility. ROS mediated female fertility disorders share many pathogenic similarities with the ones on the male side. These similarities include a potential role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis and unexplained infertility. High follicular fluid ROS levels are associated with negative IVF outcomes, particularly in smokers. Moreover, oxidative stress may be responsible in hydrosalpingeal fluid mediated embryotoxicity as well as poor in vitro embryonic development. High levels of ROS are detrimental to the fertility potential both in natural and assisted conception states.
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              Tomato lycopene and its role in human health and chronic diseases.

              Lycopene is a carotenoid that is present in tomatoes, processed tomato products and other fruits. It is one of the most potent antioxidants among dietary carotenoids. Dietary intake of tomatoes and tomato products containing lycopene has been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of chronic diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Serum and tissue lycopene levels have been found to be inversely related to the incidence of several types of cancer, including breast cancer and prostate cancer. Although the antioxidant properties of lycopene are thought to be primarily responsible for its beneficial effects, evidence is accumulating to suggest that other mechanisms may also be involved. In this article we outline the possible mechanisms of action of lycopene and review the current understanding of its role in human health and disease prevention.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchog
                Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología
                Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0048-766X
                0717-7526
                October 2020
                : 85
                : 5
                : 423-432
                Affiliations
                [1] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Colombia
                Article
                S0717-75262020000500423 S0717-7526(20)08500500423
                4a363abc-eab8-4cbe-b9c4-4f088eac5bdb

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 42, Pages: 10
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                SciELO Chile

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                citrullus lanatus,fertilidad,infertilidad idiopática,estrés oxidativo,especies reactivas del oxígeno,Licopeno,fertility,idiopathic infertility,oxidative stress,reactive oxygen species,Lycopene

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