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      Infecção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis entre agentes comunitários de saúde que atuam no controle da TB Translated title: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among community health workers involved in TB control

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência de infecção por Mycobacterium tuberculosis através da prova tuberculínica em agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) que acompanham pacientes em tratamento de TB no município de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim (ES). MÉTODOS: Incluímos 30 ACS que atuam no Programa de Saúde da Família e 30 de seus familiares residentes no mesmo domicílio. Comparamos o resultado do teste tuberculínico de cada ACS e do membro familiar correspondente. RESULTADOS: Entre os 30 ACS, 27 (90,0%) eram do sexo feminino, ao passo que entre os 30 familiares, 23 (76,7%) eram do sexo feminino (p = 0,299). A idade média do grupo ACS e do grupo dos familiares foi, respectivamente, 36,8 e 39,7 anos. Não houve diferença estatística no nível de escolaridade entre os grupos estudados. Na investigação da exposição ao M. tuberculosis, o mesmo número de indivíduos nos dois grupos afirmou conhecer ou já ter tido algum contato com paciente com TB (17 indivíduos; 56,7%). Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa quanto ao resultado positivo da prova tuberculínica nos dois grupos (26,7% no grupo ACS e 3,3% no grupo de familiares; p = 0,011). CONCLUSÕES: A infecção por M. tuberculosis entre os ACS foi significativamente maior que entre seus familiares, e isso contribui para o debate em torno do risco ocupacional envolvido nas atividades destes profissionais.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, using tuberculin skin test, among community health agents (CHAs) monitoring TB patients in the city of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Brazil. METHODS: We included 30 CHAs acting in the Family Health Program and 30 of their family members residing in the same household. The tuberculin skin test results of each CHA were compared with those of the corresponding family member. RESULTS: Of the 30 CHAs, 27 (90.0%) were female, compared with 23 (76.7%) of the 30 family members (p = 0.299). The mean age of the CHA group and of the family member group was, respectively, 36.8 and 39.7 years. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding the level of education. Regarding M. tuberculosis exposure, the same number of participants in the two groups reported having known or had contact with a TB patient (17 individuals; 56.7%). There was a statistically significant difference regarding positive tuberculin skin test results (26.7% in the CHA groupand 3.3% in the family member group; p = 0,011). CONCLUSIONS: M. tuberculosis infection was significantly higher among CHAs than among their family members, fueling the debate on the occupational risk involved in the activities of these professionals.

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          Global Tuberculosis Control-Surveillance, Planning, Financing

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            Effect of BCG revaccination on incidence of tuberculosis in school-aged children in Brazil: the BCG-REVAC cluster-randomised trial.

            Many countries offer a second BCG vaccination to prevent tuberculosis, although there is little evidence of whether this confers additional protection. BCG vaccination is routine in Brazil but BCG revaccination procedures vary by state. We studied revaccination efficacy in two Brazilian cities with tuberculosis prevalence representative of Brazil. We did a cluster-randomised trial of the protection against tuberculosis from BCG revaccination in school-aged children who had had one BCG vaccination as infants. 767 schools in the cities of Salvador and Manaus, Brazil, participated; schools were the unit of randomisation. The study was open label with no placebo. Cases of tuberculosis were identified through record linkage to the Tuberculosis Control Programme. Revaccination status was masked during linkage and validation of cases. The incidence of tuberculosis was the primary outcome. Analysis was by intention to treat. 386 schools (176,846 children) were assigned BCG revaccination and 365 (171,293 children) no revaccination. 42,053 children in the vaccine group and 47,006 in the control group were absent from school on the day of the visit and were excluded. 31,163 and 27,146, respectively were also excluded because they had no BCG scar, two or more scars, or a doubtful scar on assessment. The crude incidence of tuberculosis in the intervention group was 29.3 per 100,000 person years and in the control group 30.2 per 100,000 person-years (crude-rate ratio 0.97; 95% CI 0.76-1.28). The efficacy of BCG revaccination was 9% (-16 to 29%). Revaccination given to children aged 7-14 years in this setting does not provide substantial additional protection and should not be recommended. Follow-up is ongoing and needed to assess the effect of other factors on revaccination efficacy: time since vaccination, age at vaccination, and high or low prevalence of environmental mycobacteria.
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              Controle da tuberculose: uma proposta de integração ensino-serviço

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                jbpneu
                Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
                J. bras. pneumol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia (São Paulo )
                1806-3756
                April 2009
                : 35
                : 4
                : 351-358
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Brazil
                Article
                S1806-37132009000400009
                10.1590/S1806-37132009000400009
                4a70bf3e-5a38-49c2-b8d8-e2af31cabd17

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1806-3713&lng=en
                Categories
                RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

                Respiratory medicine
                Community health aides,Tuberculosis,Tuberculin test,Auxiliares de saúde comunitária,Tuberculose,Teste tuberculínico

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