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      Aplicación de fuentes de fósforo al suelo en diferentes cortes de césped cultivado Translated title: Applying phosphorus sources to soils during different cuts of cultivated grass

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          Abstract

          El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la disponibilidad de fósforo (P) en distintos tipos de suelos del Principado de Asturias, España, al aplicar diferentes fuentes de P en 200 mg kg-1 de suelo. La composición del césped, cultivado en macetas, fue una mezcla de Agrostis tenuis cv. Highland 5 %, Poa pratense cv. Balin 5 %, Festuca rubra cv. Mystic 35 % y Lolium perenne cv. Nui 55 %. Los tratamientos se generaron con un diseño factorial completo de 12 tipos de suelos, cuatro fuentes de P y tres fechas de corte. Las fuentes de P fueron suelo sin fertilizar, fosfato diamónico (FD; 18 % N-46 % P2O5), abono complejo de P y K (RF; 20-5 de P2O5 y K2O) y superfosfato de calcio simple (SF; 18 % de P2O5), todos con dos repeticiones. El análisis del césped se realizó a los 45, 90 y 135 d desde la siembra (96 unidades experimentales). Los resultados se analizaron con ANDEVA usando el programa SPSS 19, y la prueba de Tukey (p≤0.05) para los casos que presentaron diferencias significativas de los efectos principales e interacciones. La producción mayor de materia seca y P absorbido en todos los tipos de suelos se produjo con FD. El rendimiento relativo medio de materia seca del césped, P asimilable del suelo, concentración de P foliar y P total absorbido mostraron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos.

          Translated abstract

          The objetive of this study was to evaluate the availability of phosphorus (P) in different types of soils in Principado de Asturias, Spain, by applying different P sources with a dose of 200 mg P kg-1 of soil. The grass composition, cultivated in pots, was a mixture of Agrostis tenuis cv. Highland 5 %, Poa pratense cv. Balin 5 %, Festuca rubra cv. Mystic 35 % and Lolium perenne cv. Nui 55 %. The treatments were generated with a complete factorial design of 12 types of soils, four sources of P and three dates of cutting. The sources of P were soil without fertilizer, diammonium phosphate (FD; 18 % N-46 % P2O5), P and K complex fertilizer (RF; 20-5 of P2O5 and K2O), and simple calcium superphosphate (SF;18 % of P2O5), all of them with two repetitions. The grass analysis was carried out at 45, 90 and 135 d after sowing (96 experimental units). Results were analyzed with ANOVA using the SPSS 19 software, and the Tukey test (p≤ 0.05) for the cases that presented significant differences of the primary effects and interactions. A higher production of dry matter and P absorbed in all types of soils was produced with FD. The mean relative yield of dry matter of the grass, available P in the soil, leaf P concentration and total P absorbed showed significant differences between treatments.

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          Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant

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            Phosphorus retention in calcareous soils and the effect of organic matter on its mobility

            A survey of the interactions between phosphorus (P) species and the components of calcareous soils shows that both surface reactions and precipitation take place, especially in the presence of calcite and limestone. The principal products of these reactions are dicalcium phosphate and octacalcium phosphate, which may interconvert after formation. The role of calcium carbonate in P retention by calcareous soils is, however, significant only at relatively high P concentrations – non-carbonate clays play a more important part at lower concentrations. In the presence of iron oxide particles, occlusion of P frequently occurs in these bodies, especially with forms of the element that are pedogenic in origin. Progressive mineralization and immobilization, often biological in nature, are generally observed when P is added as a fertilizer. Manure serves both as a source of subsurface P and an effective mobilizing agent. Blockage of P sorption sites by organic acids, as well as complexation of exchangeable Al and Fe in the soil, are potential causes of this mobilization. Swine and chicken manure are especially rich P sources, largely due the practice of adding the element to the feed of nonruminants. Humic materials, both native and added, appear to increase recovery of Olsen P. In the presence of metal cations, strong complexes between inorganic P and humates are formed. The influence of humic soil amendments on P mobility warrants further investigation.
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              Soil Taxonomy: a basic system of soil classification for making andiInterpreting soil surveys

              (1999)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                agro
                Agrociencia
                Agrociencia
                Colegio de Postgraduados (Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico )
                1405-3195
                2521-9766
                September 2013
                : 47
                : 6
                : 553-566
                Affiliations
                [01] Mieres orgnameUniversidad de Oviedo orgdiv1Escuela Politécnica de Mieres orgdiv2Departamento Biología de Organismos y Sistemas España palencia@ 123456uniovi.es
                Article
                S1405-31952013000600003 S1405-3195(13)04700600003
                4c8d4cf1-45a1-40d6-9f92-c3f5f9fe759b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : August 2013
                : April 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 28, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Agua-suelo-clima

                fósforo asimilable,fertilización fosfatada,disolución aparente,materia seca,Mehlich 3,available phosphorus,phosphate fertilization,apparent dissolution,dry matter

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