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      Efecto de la temperatura y de dos procesos de secado sobre la actividad insecticida de un nucleopoliedrovirus de Spodoptera frugiperda Translated title: Effect of temperature and two drying processes on the insecticidal activity of a nucleopolyhedrovirus of Spodoptera frugiperda

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          Abstract

          La efectividad y uso potencial de los Baculovirus para el control de diferentes insectos plaga han sido demostrados en varios estudios. Sin embargo, su evaluación bajo condiciones de campo ha presentado resultados inconsistentes, posiblemente por el efecto deletéreo de condiciones ambientales como la temperatura. Teniendo en cuenta el potencial del aislamiento colombiano de nucleopoliedrovirus SfMNPV003 de Spodoptera frugiperda para el desarrollo de un bioplaguicida, el objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la temperatura y de dos procesos de secado sobre la actividad insecticida del virus, con miras a utilizar condiciones del proceso que permitan diseñar una formulación eficiente. Ej nucleopoliedrovirus, fue expuesto a temperaturas entre 30ºC y 60ºC durante 30, 45, 60, 120 y 180 minutos. Los procesos ensayados fueron secado en estufa y atomización en lecho fluido, evaluandose el pH, el contenido de humedad, el contenido de contaminantes, la concentración viral, el rendimiento y la actividad insecticida (CL50) del virus seco. La actividad insecticida del virus disminuyó cuando éste se expuso a temperaturas mayores a 50°C. El proceso de secado en estufa fue seleccionado por presentar mayor rendimiento, además porque no afectó la patogenicidad del virus y permitió obtener un polvo seco con menor contenido de contaminantes microbianos, sin embargo su consumo energético podría ser mayor.

          Translated abstract

          The effectiveness and potential use of Baculovirus for controlling different insect pests have been shown in several studies. However, their evaluation under field conditions has presented inconsistent results, possibly because of the deleterious effect of environmental conditions such as temperature. Considering the potential of a Colombian isolate of Spodoptera frugiperda nucleopolyhedrovirus SfMNPV003 for developing a biopesticide, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature and two drying processes over viral insecticidal activity, in order to use process conditions that allow to design efficient formulation. The nucleopolyhedrovirus, was exposed to temperatures between 30°C and 60°C for 30,45,60, 120 and 180 minutes. Processes tested were oven drying and spray drying in fluid bed, evaluating pH, moisture content, content of microbial contaminants, viral concentration, yield and insecticidal activity (LC50) of dry virus. The insecticidal activity of the virus decreased when it was exposed to temperatures above 50°C. Oven drying process was selected for presenting the highest yield, also because it did not affect the virus pathogenicity and allowed to obtain a dry powder with a lower microbial contaminants content.

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            Assessment of the application of baculoviruses for control of Lepidoptera.

            F Moscardi (1998)
            Baculoviruses, among other insect viruses, are regarded as safe and selective bioinsecticides, restricted to invertebrates. They have been used worldwide against many insect pests, mainly Lepidoptera. Their application as microbial pesticides, however, has not met their potential to control pests in crops, forests, and pastures, with the exception of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the soybean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis), which is used on approximately 1 million ha annually in Brazil. Problems that have limited expansion of baculovirus use include narrow host range, slow killing speed, technical and economical difficulties for in vitro commercial production, timing of application based on frequent host population monitoring, variability of field efficacy due to climatic conditions, and farmers' attitudes toward pest control, which have been based on application of fast-killing chemical insecticides. Farmer education regarding use of biological insecticides and their characteristics is considered one of the major actions necessary for increased use of baculoviruses. Strategies to counteract some of the limitations of baculoviruses, especially their slow killing activity, have been investigated and are promising. These include the use of chemical or biological substances added to virus formulations and genetic engineering of the viruses themselves to express insect toxins or hormones. Such strategies can enhance viral activity and increase speed of kill as well as reduce larval feeding activity. The use of baculoviruses against Lepidoptera is reviewed, with the utilization of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of A. gemmatalis in Brazil serving as a case-study.
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              Preservation of micro-organisms by drying; a review.

              The preservation of micro-organisms by different drying methodologies has been used for decades. Freeze drying in particular is the preferred method for transporting and storing vast culture collections of micro-organism strain types. The literature on drying and preserving micro-organisms is extensive, but is often specific to one particular strain. This review attempts to draw some similar concepts and findings together in one paper, to compare different drying techniques, with specific reference to microorganisms. The main topics covered are cell growth phases and concentration, inducing drying tolerance in microbial cells, drying methods, rehydration of dried cells and packaging and storage conditions. Also, particular attention has been paid to the use of freeze drying and the protective matrices used to improve microbial cell viability after drying.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rmiq
                Revista mexicana de ingeniería química
                Rev. Mex. Ing. Quím
                UAM, Unidad Iztapalapa, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería (México, DF, Mexico )
                1665-2738
                2013
                : 12
                : 3
                : 437-450
                Affiliations
                [03] Bogotá orgnameCentro de Biotecnología y Bioindustria Colombia
                [02] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca Colombia
                Article
                S1665-27382013000300007 S1665-2738(13)01200300007
                4eeb781e-6b2b-47bb-9c1f-2ba1d44bda81

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 09 May 2013
                : 02 July 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 57, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Biotecnología

                insecticidal activity,oven drying,spray drying in fluid bed,temperature,baculovirus,actividad insecticida,secado en estufa,atomización en lecho fluido,temperatura

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