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      Uso de álcool por adolescentes: estudo de base populacional Translated title: Uso de alcohol por adolescentes: estudio de base poblacional Translated title: Alcohol use among adolescents: a population-based study

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao uso de álcool por adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional realizado entre 2005 e 2006, em Pelotas (RS), com 1.056 adolescentes entre 11 a 15 anos de idade. Foi aplicado um questionário de auto-preenchimento anônimo, baseado no modelo da Organização Mundial de Saúde para uso de drogas. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de adolescentes que referiram o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas no último mês foi de 23,0% (IC 95%: 20,4;25,4), a prevalência foi de 21,7% entre o sexo feminino e 24,2% entre o masculino. A prevalência de consumo de álcool aos 11 anos foi de 11,9%. Na análise de regressão múltipla, entre adolescentes do sexo masculino, o uso de bebidas alcoólicas foi maior naqueles que relataram o uso de tabaco no último mês, nos mais velhos e naqueles que já tinham tido relação sexual. Nas adolescentes do sexo feminino a idade foi à única variável associada ao uso de bebidas alcoólicas. CONCLUSÕES: O uso de bebidas alcoólicas foi prevalente em ambos os sexos e com início extremamente precoce. Tabagismo e já ter tido relações sexuais também estiveram associados ao uso de bebidas alcoólicas. Há necessidade de medidas preventivas com maior precocidade, visando controlar o uso de álcool na faixa etária dos 11 aos 15 anos.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia y los factores asociados al uso de alcohol por adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de base poblacional realizado entre 2005 y 2006, en Pelotas (Sur de Brasil), con 1.056 adolescentes entre 11 y 15 años de edad. Fue aplicado un cuestionario de auto-llenado anónimo, basado en el modelo de la Organización Mundial de la Salud para uso de drogas. Para análisis de los datos, fue utilizada la regresión de Poisson. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de adolescentes que refirieron el consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en el último mes fue de 23,0% (IC 95%: 20,4; 25,4), la prevalencia fue de 21,7% entre el sexo femenino y 24,2% entre el masculino. La prevalencia de consumo de alcohol a los 11 años fue de 11,9%. En el análisis de regresión múltiple, entre adolescentes del sexo masculino, el uso de bebidas alcohólicas fue mayor en aquellos que relataron el uso de tabaco en el último mes, en los más viejos y en aquellos que ya habían tenido relación sexual. En las adolescentes del sexo femenino la edad fue la única variable asociada al uso de bebidas alcohólicas. CONCLUSIONES: El uso de bebidas alcohólicas fue prevalerte en ambos sexos y con inicio extremadamente precoz. Tabaquismo y el haber tenido relaciones sexuales también estuvieron asociados al uso de bebidas alcohólicas. Hay necesidad de medidas preventivas con mayor precocidad, visando controlar el uso de alcohol en el intervalo de edad de 11 a los 15 años.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use among adolescents. METHODS: Population-based, cross-sectional study performed from 2005 to 2006, in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, with 1,056 adolescents aged between 11 and 15 years. An anonymous, self-applied questionnaire was used, based on the World Health Organization model for drug use. Poisson regression was employed to analyze data. RESULTS: Prevalence of adolescents who reported alcoholic beverage consumption in the last month was 23.0% (95% CI: 20.4;25.4), prevalence was 21.7% among females and 24.2% among males. Prevalence of alcohol consumption at 11 years of age was 11.9%. In the multiple regression analysis, alcoholic beverage use by male adolescents was higher among those who reported tobacco use in the last month, those who were older, and those who had already had sexual intercourse. Among female adolescents, age was the only variable associated with alcoholic beverage use. CONCLUSIONS: Alcoholic beverage use was prevalent in both sexes and began at a very early age. Smoking and previous sexual intercourse were also associated with this use. Preventive measures need to begin earlier, aiming to control alcohol use in the 11-to-15-year age group.

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          Most cited references73

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          Practical statistics for medical research. Douglas G. Altman, Chapman and Hall, London, 1991. No. of pages: 611. Price: £32.00

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            Neurogenetic adaptive mechanisms in alcoholism.

            Clinical, genetic, and neuropsychopharmacological studies of developmental factors in alcoholism are providing a better understanding of the neurobiological bases of personality and learning. Studies of the adopted-away children of alcoholics show that the predisposition to initiate alcohol-seeking behavior is genetically different from susceptibility to loss of control after drinking begins. Alcohol-seeking behavior is a special case of exploratory appetitive behavior and involves different neurogenetic processes than do susceptibility to behavioral tolerance and dependence on the antianxiety or sedative effects of alcohol. Three dimensions of personality have been described that may reflect individual differences in brain systems modulating the activation, maintenance, and inhibition of behavioral responses to the effects of alcohol and other environmental stimuli. These personality traits distinguish alcoholics with different patterns of behavioral, neurophysiological, and neuropharmacological responses to alcohol.
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              Help seeking amongst child and adolescent victims of peer-aggression and bullying: the influence of school-stage, gender, victimisation, appraisal, and emotion.

              An important element of many anti-bullying programmes is encouraging victims to tell someone about their predicament. Research has already reported prevalence of telling, who/when children tell and efficacy of telling. However, seeking help can be viewed as a coping behaviour, and coping processes such as appraisal and emotion may be important predictors of whether pupils ask for help. To examine the effects that background variables (gender, school-stage), victimisation (duration, frequency), appraisal (threat, challenge, control) and negative emotion have upon support seeking by child and adolescent victims of peer-aggression and bullying. To also examine how effective pupils perceive social support to be. Participants were 830 children (49% male) aged 9-14 years. Three hundred and seventeen pupils were in Primary 6, 307 in Secondary 2 and 206 in Secondary 3. A self-report bullying questionnaire was completed by the participants within their classes. Questionnaires included items relating to victimisation, appraisal, emotion, and coping strategy choice as well as demographic data. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that gender, challenge appraisals, and emotions were significant predictors of the degree to which child and adolescent victims of peer-aggression and bullying sought help (accounting for 15.8% of the variance): girls were more likely than boys to seek help, as were pupils with high challenge appraisals or those experiencing high levels of negative emotion. Also, girls were more likely than boys to view support as the best strategy for both stopping bullying and for helping them to feel better. Results suggest that pupils are more willing to seek help when they see the situation as one in which something can be achieved. Pupils also may be seeking support to get help coping with negative emotions, and this may need to be emphasized to teachers.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rsp
                Revista de Saúde Pública
                Rev. Saúde Pública
                Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0034-8910
                1518-8787
                August 2009
                : 43
                : 4
                : 647-655
                Affiliations
                [01] Pelotas RS orgnameUniversidade Católica de Pelotas orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comportamento Brasil
                [02] Pelotas RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pelotas orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia Brasil
                Article
                S0034-89102009000400011 S0034-8910(09)04300411
                10.1590/S0034-89102009005000044
                19618026
                4f0d4332-66dd-47d5-90dc-0872aee27f31

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 16 December 2008
                : 24 November 2008
                : 17 June 2008
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 9
                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Cuestionario,Adolescente,Adolescent,Estudios Transversales,Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas, epidemiología,Levantamentos Epidemiológicos,Factores de Riesgo,Questionários,Encuestas Epidemiológicas,Fatores de Risco,Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas, epidemiologia,Alcohol Drinking, epidemiology,Risk Factors,Cross-Sectional Studies,Questionnaires,Health Surveys,Estudos Transversais

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