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      Body mass index and acoustic voice parameters: is there a relationship? ☆☆ Translated title: Índice de massa corporal e parâmetros acústicos de voz: existe uma relação?

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Specific elements such as weight and body volume can interfere in voice production and consequently in its acoustic parameters, which is why it is important for the clinician to be aware of these relationships.

          Objective

          To investigate the relationship between body mass index and the average acoustic voice parameters.

          Methods

          Observational, cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample consisted of 84 women, aged between 18 and 40 years, an average of 26.83 (±6.88). The subjects were grouped according to body mass index: 19 underweight; 23 normal ranges, 20 overweight and 22 obese and evaluated the fundamental frequency of the sustained vowel [a] and the maximum phonation time of the vowels [a], [i], [u], using PRAAT software. The data were submitted to the Kruskal–Wallis test to verify if there were differences between the groups regarding the study variables. All variables showed statistically significant results and were subjected to non-parametric test Mann–Whitney.

          Results

          Regarding to the average of the fundamental frequency, there was statistically significant difference between groups with underweight and overweight and obese; normal range and overweight and obese. The average maximum phonation time revealed statistically significant difference between underweight and obese individuals; normal range and obese; overweight and obese.

          Conclusion

          Body mass index influenced the average fundamental frequency of overweight and obese individuals evaluated in this study. Obesity influenced in reducing maximum phonation time average.

          Resumo

          Introdução

          Elementos específicos como peso e volume corporal podem interferir na produção da voz e, consequentemente, em seus parâmetros acústicos, razão pela qual é importante que o médico esteja ciente dessas relações.

          Objetivo

          Investigar a relação entre o índice de massa corporal e os parâmetros acústicos médios da voz.

          Método

          Estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo. A amostra foi composta por 84 mulheres, com idade entre 18 e 40 anos, média de 26,83 (±6,88). As participantes foram agrupadas de acordo com o índice de massa corporal: 19 abaixo do peso; 23 com intervalos normais, 20 com sobrepeso e 22 obesos e avaliadas quanto a frequência fundamental da vogal sustentada [a] e o tempo máximo de fonação das vogais [a], [i], [u], utilizando o software PRAAT. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskal-Wallis para verificar se houve diferença entre os grupos com relação as variáveis do estudo. Todas as variáveis apresentaram resultados estatisticamente significativos e foram submetidas ao teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney.

          Resultados

          Com relação à média da frequência fundamental, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos com peso normal e sobrepeso e entre os grupos com peso normal e obesidade. A média do tempo máximo de fonação revelou diferença estatisticamente significativa entre indivíduos com baixo peso e obesidade; peso normal e obesidade; sobrepeso e obesidade.

          Conclusão

          O índice de massa corporal influenciou na média da frequência fundamental dos indivíduos com sobrepeso e obesos avaliados neste estudo. A obesidade mórbida influiu na redução da média do tempo máximo de fonação.

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          Most cited references25

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          Prevalence and causes of dysphonia in a large treatment-seeking population.

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            A basic protocol for functional assessment of voice pathology, especially for investigating the efficacy of (phonosurgical) treatments and evaluating new assessment techniques. Guideline elaborated by the Committee on Phoniatrics of the European Laryngological Society (ELS).

            The proposal of this basic protocol is an attempt to reach better agreement and uniformity concerning the methodology for functional assessment of pathologic voices. The purpose is to allow relevant comparisons with the literature when presenting/publishing the results of voice treatment, e.g. a phonosurgical technique, or a new/improved instrument or procedure for investigating the pathological voice. Meta-analyses of the results of voice treatments are generally limited and may even be impossible owing to the major diversity in the ways functional outcomes are assessed. A multidimensional set of minimal basic measurements suitable for all "common" dysphonias is proposed. It includes five different approaches: perception (grade, roughness, breathiness), videostroboscopy (closure, regularity, mucosal wave and symmetry), acoustics (jitter, shimmer, Fo-range and softest intensity), aerodynamics (phonation quotient), and subjective rating by the patient. The protocol is elaborated on the basis of an exhaustive review of the literature, of the experience of the Committee members, and of plenary discussions within the European Laryngological Society. Instrumentation is kept to a minimum, but it is considered essential for professionals performing phonosurgery.
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              Auditory-perceptual Evaluation of Normal and Dysphonic Voices Using the Voice Deviation Scale.

              This study aims to (1) determine the cutoff values of the overall severity (OS) of vocal deviation on the visual analog scale (VAS) based on the ratings of the numerical scale (NS); and (2) verify the power of discrimination of these cutoff values according to different degrees of vocal deviation.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
                Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
                Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
                Elsevier
                1808-8694
                1808-8686
                06 May 2017
                Jul-Aug 2018
                06 May 2017
                : 84
                : 4
                : 410-415
                Affiliations
                [a ]Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Departamento de Fonoaudiologia, Natal, RN, Brazil
                [b ]Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Natal, RN, Brazil
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. hsouza660@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1808-8694(17)30055-1
                10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.04.003
                9449183
                28545946
                50010583-954d-4b3e-ab56-7029f085328f
                © 2017 Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.

                This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 11 August 2016
                : 12 April 2017
                Categories
                Original Article

                body mass index,obesity,phonation,voice,índice de massa corporal,obesidade,fonação,voz

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