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      Rutin protects against gamma-irradiation and malathion-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through regulation of mir-129-3p, mir-200C-3p, and mir-210 gene expressions in rats’ kidney

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          Abstract

          Kidney injury represents a global concern, leading to chronic kidney disease. The organophosphate insecticide malathion (MT) demonstrates environmental disturbance and impairment of different mammalian organs, including kidneys. Likewise, gamma-irradiation (IRR) provokes destructive effects in the kidneys. Rutin is a flavonoid glycoside that exhibits nephro-protective and radio-protective properties. This manuscript focused on investigating the protective response of rutin on MT- and IRR-triggered kidney injury in rats. Rats were randomly divided into eight groups of twelve: G1 (C), control; G2 (Rutin), rutin-treated rats; G3 (IRR), gamma-irradiated rats; G4 (MT), malathion-treated rats; G5 (IRR/MT), gamma-irradiated rats treated with malathion; G6 (IRR/Rutin), gamma-irradiated rats treated with rutin; G7 (MT/Rutin), rats treated with malathion and rutin; and G8 (IRR/MT/Rutin), gamma-irradiated rats treated with malathion and rutin, every day for 30 days. The results demonstrated that rutin treatment regulated the biochemical parameters, the oxidative stress, the antioxidant status, and the inflammatory responses due to the down-regulation of the renal NF-κB p65 protein expression. Moreover, it amended the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE), angiotensin ACE I, and ACE II-converting enzymes. Besides, it regulated the iNOS, eNOS, miR-129-3p, miR-200c, and miR-210 gene expressions and bradykinin receptor (B1R and B2R) protein expressions. Histopathological examinations of the kidney tissue confirmed these investigated results. It could be concluded that rutin demonstrated nephro/radioprotection and counteracted the toxicological effects triggered in the kidney tissues of IRR, MT, and IRR/MT intoxicated rats, via regulating miR-129-3p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-210-3p gene expressions, which consequently regulated B2R protein expressions, ACE II activity, and HIF-1α production, respectively.

          Supplementary Information

          The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-023-27166-z.

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          PROTEIN MEASUREMENT WITH THE FOLIN PHENOL REAGENT

          OliverH. Lowry, NiraJ. Rosebrough, A. Lewis Farr … (1951)
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            A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR.

            M. Pfaffl (2001)
            Use of the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify cDNA products reverse transcribed from mRNA is on the way to becoming a routine tool in molecular biology to study low abundance gene expression. Real-time PCR is easy to perform, provides the necessary accuracy and produces reliable as well as rapid quantification results. But accurate quantification of nucleic acids requires a reproducible methodology and an adequate mathematical model for data analysis. This study enters into the particular topics of the relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR of a target gene transcript in comparison to a reference gene transcript. Therefore, a new mathematical model is presented. The relative expression ratio is calculated only from the real-time PCR efficiencies and the crossing point deviation of an unknown sample versus a control. This model needs no calibration curve. Control levels were included in the model to standardise each reaction run with respect to RNA integrity, sample loading and inter-PCR variations. High accuracy and reproducibility (<2.5% variation) were reached in LightCycler PCR using the established mathematical model.
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              Tissue sulfhydryl groups

              George L. Ellman (1959)
              Article 0 comments Cited 1389 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Amel F. M. Ismail:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3446-2372
                afmismail@gmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
                Title: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
                Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                ISSN (Print): 0944-1344
                ISSN (Electronic): 1614-7499
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 May 2023
                Publication date PMC-release: 15 May 2023
                Publication date (Print): 2023
                Volume: 30
                Issue: 28
                Pages: 72930-72948
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.429648.5, ISNI 0000 0000 9052 0245, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), , Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), ; Cairo, Egypt
                [2 ]GRID grid.418376.f, ISNI 0000 0004 1800 7673, Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), , Agricultural Research Center, ; Giza, Egypt
                Author notes

                Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3446-2372
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3455-088X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4747-1996
                Article
                Publisher ID: 27166
                DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27166-z
                PMC ID: 10257612
                PubMed ID: 37184799
                SO-VID: 5022200d-fc1e-466c-9eb7-bc4b3eb6caa2
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2023
                License:

                Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                Date received : 26 January 2022
                Date accepted : 18 April 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority
                Open Access :

                Open access funding provided by The Science, Technology & Innovation Funding Authority (STDF) in cooperation with The Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB).

                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023

                ScienceOpen disciplines: General environmental science
                Keywords: nephroprotection,radioprotection,rutin,malathion,gamma irradiation,kidney injury,micro-rna,rats
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: General environmental science
                Keywords: nephroprotection, radioprotection, rutin, malathion, gamma irradiation, kidney injury, micro-rna, rats

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