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      Mineralogía de la fracción arcilla de algunos suelos cultivados con banano en las llanuras aluviales del Caribe de Costa Rica

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          Abstract

          La composición mineralógica de la fracción arcilla en suelos cultivados con banano en las 11 cuencas hidrográficas de las llanuras aluviales del Caribe de Costa Rica, se caracterizó mediante difractometría de rayos X y métodos de disolución. Los resultados corroboran la presencia abundante de montmorrillonita, metahaloisita, vermiculita y plagioclasas; y con menor frecuencia otros minerales como alófana, gibbsita y óxidos como hematita, maghemita y magnetita. No se detectaron cloritas, aunque si algunos indicios de illita. Por métodos químicos y estequiométricos se logró identificar la existencia de materiales amorfos, probablemente tipo alófanas, en un suelo de la cuenca del Tortuguero (RE-16). En los suelos ubicados al noroeste de la subcuenca conformada por los ríos Vueltas, Silencio y Parismina, clasificados como Inceptisoles con propiedades ándicas (Andic Eutrudepts, Aquandic Endoaquepts), Inceptisoles Dístricos (Fluventic Dystrudepts) y Andisoles (Typic Hapludands), se encontraron predominantemente metahaloisitas y montmorrillonitas. En los suelos del sureste de esta subcuenca, en donde predominan Inceptisoles éutricos de origen aluvial (Fluventic Eutrudepts, Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts, Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts, Fluventic Endoaquepts) e Inceptisoles con problemas de drenaje (Fluventic Endoaquepts, Fluvaquentic Epiaquepts), se identificaron montmorrillonitas, vermiculitas y metahaloisitas. Las montmorillonitas, vermiculitas y alófanas tienen su origen por herencia a partir de material parental y se presentan en la zona por arrastre desde las cordilleras Central y de Talamanca; las metahaloisitas tienen su origen por herencia y trasformación a partir de haloisitas y la gibbsita por transformación a partir de materiales alofánicos.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Soil clay mineralogy of banana-cultivated soils in the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. This study includes the characterization of the clay mineralogy of banana soils from 11 watersheds of the Caribbean alluvial lowlands, using RX diffraction and dissolution methods. These results confirm the abundance of montmorrillonite, metahalloisite, vermiculite and plagioclases, together with small amounts of allophane, gibbsite and iron oxides like hematite, maghemite and magnetite. Chlorite was not detected but illite was found in some samples. The use of dissolutionand estequiometric techniques allowed us to identify amorphous materials, probably allophane, in soil RE-16 in the Tortuguero river basin. Soils northwest of the watershed of rivers Vueltas, Silencio and Parismina, were dominated by metahalloisite and montmorrillonite; they were classified as Inceptisols with Andic properties (Andic Eutrudepts, Aquandic Endoaquepts), Dystric Inceptisols (Fluventic Dystrudepts) and Andisols (Typic Hapludands). Soils southwest of that watershed were dominated by montmorrillonite, vermiculite and metahalloisite; they were classified as Eutric Inceptisols of alluvial origin (Fluventic Eutrudepts, Dystric Fluventic Eutrudepts, Fluvaquentic Eutrudepts, Fluventic Endoaquepts) and Inceptisols with drainage problems (Fluventic Endoaquepts, Fluvaquentic Epiaquepts). The montmorillonite, vermiculite and allophane are formed in the hillsides of the watershed (cordilleras Central and Talamanca) and later deposited in the lowlands by river flooding; metahalloisite is formed by transformation of halloisite and gibbsite developed from allophanic materials.

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          Most cited references79

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ac
                Agronomía Costarricense
                Agron. Costarricense
                Universidad de Costa Rica. Colegio de Ingenieros y Agrónomos. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (San Pedro de Montes de Oca )
                0377-9424
                December 2010
                : 34
                : 2
                : 197-222
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Grupo del ORO Costa Rica
                [2 ] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica
                [3 ] CORBANA (Corporación Bananera Nacional) Costa Rica
                [4 ] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica
                Article
                S0377-94242010000200007
                508f540e-fa50-44a3-934c-319a32c12f58

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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                SciELO Costa Rica

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0377-9424&lng=en

                RX diffraction,clay mineralogy,montmorrillonite,illite,vermiculite,metahalloysite,allophane,gibbsite,alluvial soil,Caribbean lowlands,Costa Rica,Difractometría RX,mineralogía arcillas,montmorrillonita,illita,vermiculita,metahaloisita,alófana,gibbsita,suelos aluviales,Caribe

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