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      Influencia del tiempo extendido por la Ley 20.545 en el mantenimiento de la lactancia materna al retorno laboral, en funcionarias de un hospital público en Curanilahue, Región del Bío Bío, Chile Translated title: Influence of the leave time extended by law 20.545 in the maintenance of breastfeeding upon return to work, in female employees of a public hospital in Curanilahue, Bío Bío Region, Chile

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Con el fin de fomentar una adecuada calidad de vida se han establecido diversas políticas públicas a nivel internacional y nacional, para lo cual Chile generó en el año 2011 la Ley 20.545 de Postnatal parental, que amplía el periodo de descanso materno con lo que se pretende, entre otras cosas, extender el tiempo de lactancia materna. Objetivo: Interpretar el impacto de la Ley 20.545, en el mantenimiento de la lactancia materna en funcionarias del Hospital Dr. Rafael Avaria Valenzuela, Curanilahue, en 2017. Material y métodos: Se utilizó metodología cualitativa con diseño fenomenológico. Como instrumento de recolección de datos se utilizó una entrevista semi-estructurada aplicada a 15 mujeres de acuerdo a los criterios de selección. Resultados: El tiempo de extensión otorgado por el postnatal parental permite efectivamente mantener la lactancia materna una vez se ha retornado al trabajo, siendo relevante para lo anterior contar con un espacio físico que permita el cuidado de los hijos en un lugar cercano al trabajo donde se desempeñan las madres. Conclusión: La influencia del tiempo extendido por de la Ley 20.545 genera que el amamantamiento sea posible de mantener al retorno a las actividades laborales principalmente, por el acceso a sala cuna.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT In order to promote an adequate quality of life, several public policies have been established at the international and national levels. In 2011, Chile passed law 20,545 for Parental Postnatal Leave that extended the maternal leave period in order to, among other things, extend the duration of breastfeeding. Objective: To interpret the impact of law 20,545 in the maintenance of breastfeeding among female employees of the Dr. Rafael Avaria Valenzuela Hospital, Curanilahue, in 2017. Material and methods: We used a qualitative methodology with phenomenological design. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 15 women, chosen according to selection criteria. Results: The extended time given by the law regarding parental postnatal leave allowed for effectively maintaining breastfeeding when it was time to return to work. It was important that women have a place that allowed for the care of children, near their work space. Conclusion: The influence of extended time provided by law 20,545 makes maintaining breastfeeding possible when women return to work primarily because of access to nursery facilities.

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          Breastfeeding and the use of human milk.

          Considerable advances have occurred in recent years in the scientific knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding, the mechanisms underlying these benefits, and in the clinical management of breastfeeding. This policy statement on breastfeeding replaces the 1997 policy statement of the American Academy of Pediatrics and reflects this newer knowledge and the supporting publications. The benefits of breastfeeding for the infant, the mother, and the community are summarized, and recommendations to guide the pediatrician and other health care professionals in assisting mothers in the initiation and maintenance of breastfeeding for healthy term infants and high-risk infants are presented. The policy statement delineates various ways in which pediatricians can promote, protect, and support breastfeeding not only in their individual practices but also in the hospital, medical school, community, and nation.
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            Randomized controlled trial of early skin-to-skin contact: effects on the mother and the newborn.

            To estimate the influence of skin-to-skin care on the thermal regulation of the infant and the rate of breastfeeding at different points of time. We also aim to establish whether skin-to-skin contact reduces maternal pain during episiotomy repair and decreases the time to expel the placenta.
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              Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia.

              Familial hypercholesterolemia is one of the most common inherited metabolic diseases and is an autosomal dominant disorder meaning heterozygotes, or carriers, are affected. Those who are homozygous have severe disease. The average worldwide prevalence of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is at least 1 in 500, although recent genetic epidemiological data from Denmark and next generation sequencing data suggest the frequency may be closer to 1 in 250. Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in children is based on elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels or DNA-based analysis, or both. Coronary atherosclerosis has been detected in men with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as young as 17 years old and in women with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia at 25 years old. Since the clinical complications of atherosclerosis occur prematurely, especially in men, lifelong treatment, started in childhood, is needed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In children with the disease, diet was the cornerstone of treatment but the addition of lipid-lowering medications has resulted in a significant improvement in treatment. Anion exchange resins, such as cholestyramine and colestipol, were found to be effective, but they are poorly tolerated. Since the 1990s studies carried out on children aged 6 to 17 years with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia have demonstrated significant reductions in their serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. While statins seem to be safe and well-tolerated in children, their long-term safety in this age group is not firmly established. This is an update of a previously published version of this Cochane Review.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rchnut
                Revista chilena de nutrición
                Rev. chil. nutr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-7518
                December 2018
                : 45
                : 4
                : 343-348
                Affiliations
                [1] Concepción Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Nutricionista Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética Chile
                [2] Bío-Bío orgnameUniversidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas y Preclínicas Chile
                Article
                S0717-75182018000500343
                50cd23ce-f7b8-4f34-8cee-c31f2ef62fc9

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 January 2018
                : 06 July 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTÍCULOS ORIGINALES

                Public health,Qualitative study,Health promotion,Lactancia materna,Postnatal parental,Parental postnatal leave,Breastfeeding,Estudio cualitativo,Promoción de salud,Salud pública

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