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      EVALUACION DE DIFERENTES EXTRACTOS DE PROPOLEOS Translated title: EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF PROPOLIS

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN El propóleos es una sustancia compleja producida por las abejas. Presenta amplio uso en la medicina tradicional y como suplemento nutricional. Estas se basan entre otros, en sus propiedades antioxidantes y antimicrobianas. El extracto etanólico ha sido muy bien estudiado y comúnmente empleado debido a que las sustancias biológicamente activas del propóleos son fácilmente solubles en etanol; sin embargo, presenta desventajas como la intolerancia de algunas personas al alcohol y su fuerte sabor que dificultan su empleo. Por su parte, el extracto acuoso de propóleos es capaz de superar estas dificultades, a la vez que ha mostrado actividades antioxidantes y antibacterianas. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los extractos acuosos obtenidos mediante diferentes procedimientos de extracción, con el extracto hidroalcohólico tradicional, evaluando los contenidos de materia seca, fenoles totales, flavonoides totales, actividad antioxidante y antibacteriana de los mismos. También se realizó la cromatografía en capa delgada para el análisis cualitativo del contenido de los mismos. Los resultados mostraron que los extractos acuosos analizados tuvieron diferencias en la concentración de compuestos extraídos. Por otro lado, las propiedades antioxidantes no se relacionaron con el contenido fenólico o flavonoico. Mientras, la propiedad antibacteriana sí presentó relación con el contenido de fenoles. Los extractos obtenidos con mezclas hidroalcohólicas y redisueltos en agua presentaron los mayores valores de materia seca, flavonoides y fenoles totales, así como actividad antibacteriana. Estos son por tanto lo extractos que Tienen un mayor potencial de acción terapéutica para su uso en la clínica.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Propolis is a complex substance produced by bees. It is widely used in traditional medicine and as a nutritional supplement. These are based, among others, on its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The ethanolic extract has been very well studied and usually used because the biologically active substances of propolis are easily soluble in ethanol; however, it has disadvantages as the intolerance of some people to alcohol and its strong taste that make it difficult to used. On the other hand, the aqueous extract of propolis it is able to overcome these difficulties while it has shown antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The aim of this study was to compare the aqueous extract obtained through different extraction procedures. The content of dry matter, total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant and antibacterial activity were evaluated. An analysis by thin layer chromatography was conducted too. The results showed that the aqueous extracts analyzed had differences in the concentration of extracted compounds. On the other hand, the antioxidant properties were not related to the phenolic or flavonoic content. Meanwhile, the antibacterial property did show a relationship with the phenol content. The extracts obtained with hydroalcoholic mixtures and redissolved in water, presented the highest values of dry matter, total flavonoids and phenols, as well as antibacterial activity. They have potential therapeutic action for use in the clinic.

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          Most cited references28

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          Biological Properties and Therapeutic Applications of Propolis.

          Propolis is a resinous material collected by bees from bud and exudates of the plants, mixed with bee enzymes, pollen and wax. In this review, the biological properties of propolis and some therapeutic applications are discussed. The same biological activities have been investigated until today, using samples from different geographic regions. Thus, the study of the biological properties of a given sample should always be associated with its chemical composition and botanical source, representing a particular sample of a given geographic area, exploring its biological potential and the role of its constituents. Efforts have been carried out to explain propolis' mechanisms of action in vivo and in vitro, but the majority of propolis' targets and actions are still unclear. The number of formulations containing propolis and patents have increased, although propolis extracts have been used deliberately with different recommendations, not always mentioning the chemical composition, vegetal source and the methods of extraction. Clinical studies will help to obtain criterious recommendations in view of the expected outcomes. Further investigation should explore the effects of common compounds found in the samples from all over the world in an attempt to standardize the research on propolis and to obtain new drugs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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            Potential role of propolis in wound healing: Biological properties and therapeutic activities.

            Propolis is a resinous mixture that honey bees collect from the tree buds, sap flows, or other botanical sources. The chemical composition of propolis varies and depends on the geographical area, time of collection, seasonality, illumination, altitude, and food availability during propolis exploitation. The goal of this review is to discuss important concepts including mechanisms of action and therapeutic activities of propolis. The PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for the literature published from January the 1st 2000 to October the 1st 2017. Sixteen animals and three clinical studies were included. A quantitative and qualitative review was performed on the clinical trials and the animal studies were comprehensively overviewed. In this study, the clinical trials have been combined and the results were provided as meta-analysis. Propolis is a non-toxic natural product; however some cases of allergy and contact dermatitis to this compound have been described mainly among beekeepers. An important factor in impaired wound healing is biofilm formation; propolis as an anti-microbial agent can reduce biofilm generation and result in accelerated healing processes. Most of the in vivo studies on various wound models suggested the beneficial roles of propolis on experimental wound healing and this has also been approved in the clinical trial studies. However, there is a lack of information concerning, dose, side effects and clinical effectiveness of propolis on wounds. As the effectiveness of propolis between different products is variable, more characterizations should be done and future investigations comparing different propolis based products and characterization of their specific roles on different models of wounds are highly appreciated.
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              Analytical methods for quality control of propolis.

              Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from leaf buds and cracks in the bark of various plants, and it is composed of 50% resin (composed of flavonoids and related phenolic acids), 30% wax, 10% essential oils, 5% pollen and 5% various organic compounds. Propolis cannot be used as raw material, and it must be purified by extraction with solvents. This process should remove the inert material and preserve the polyphenolic fraction, which is considered to contribute more to the observed healing effects than the other propolis constituents. Therefore, the assay of propolis polyphenols is of interest, and this paper describes the results obtained in the analysis of propolis by means of a gradient HPLC or mass spectrometry. HPLC in the gradient mode and coupled with photodiode array detection remains the method of choice for the assay of most relevant components of propolis. Direct analysis by APCI-IT-MS represents a valuable alternative to obtain typical fingerprints of propolis and a reliable identification of a large number of propolis components.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rccb
                Revista CENIC Ciencias Biológicas
                Rev. CENIC Cienc. Biol
                Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (La Habana, , Cuba )
                2221-2450
                December 2022
                : 53
                : 3
                : 243-251
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameCentro de Investigaciones Apícolas (CIAPI) Cuba
                Article
                S2221-24502022000300243 S2221-2450(22)05300300243
                50d55e3d-c18c-4536-85cd-052398a54a00

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 14 July 2022
                : 19 April 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 29, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN

                propolis,phenols,antibacterial and antioxidant activity,propóleos,fenoles,actividad antibacteriana y antioxidante

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