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      Aluminum Potassium Sulfate and Tannic Acid Injection for Hemorrhoids

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          Abstract

          A quick hemostatic effect, as well as sclerosing and shrinkage of hemorrhoids, can be attained when internal hemorrhoids are treated by using injection therapy with aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid (ALTA), the outcomes of treatment may be similar to those of a hemorrhoidectomy. However, if the type of hemorrhoid or the method of injection is not appropriate for ALTA treatment, complications peculiar to ALTA or recurrence may develop. Accordingly, sufficient understanding of the treatment mechanism of ALTA injection and repeated training for injection are required for effective use of the ALTA treatment.

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          Sclerosing therapy of internal hemorrhoids with a novel sclerosing agent. Comparison with ligation and excision.

          S Koganezawa, Keitaro Matsuo, H Takamura … (2005)
          Patients with prolapsing internal hemorrhoids were treated with a novel sclerosing agent (OC-108), and the results were compared with surgery of ligation and excision. This study included 20 years or older patients with prolapsing internal hemorrhoids who visited ten medical institutions in Japan from October 2000 to October 2002. Investigation on surgery was also performed. Comparing OC-108 and surgery in patients with third- and fourth-degree internal hemorrhoids according to the Goligher's classification, for which surgery has been generally indicated, at 28 days after treatment, the disappearance rate of prolapse was similar between OC-108 and surgery, 94% (75/80 patients) and 99% (84/85 patients), respectively. The 1-year recurrence rate was 16% (12/73 patients) in the OC-108 group, and this value was satisfactory because of its less invasive nature while it was more or less higher compared with 2% (2/81 patients) in the surgery group. The incidences of pain and bleeding were lower in the OC-108 group. OC-108 is a useful alternative treatment for hemorrhoids.
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            Sclerosing effect of OC-108, a novel agent for hemorrhoids, is associated with granulomatous inflammation induced by aluminum.

            S Iwasaki, H Komatsu, Takashi Ono … (2005)
            OC-108 is a novel sclerosing agent for hemorrhoids, containing aluminum potassium sulfate (alum) and tannic acid as its main ingredients. In clinical studies, OC-108 injection therapy for severe internal hemorrhoids proved to be highly effective, not only on bleeding but also for prolapse, and the effects were comparable to hemorrhoidectomy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mode of action by administrating the agent s.c. to mice and rats. In response to OC-108 injection, inflammation with necrosis developed at an early stage followed by granuloma formation with fibrosis at the injection site. Necrotic debris with aluminum was observed in the granuloma for a long period. Alum, as well as OC-108, induced vascular permeability, leukocyte infiltration, and granuloma formation; however, tannic acid did not. On the other hand, tannic acid inhibited leukocyte infiltration induced by alum but did not inhibit granuloma formation. These results indicate that OC-108 causes sclerosis and retraction of hemorrhoids through fibrosis associated with granulomatous chronic inflammation induced by the main active ingredient alum and that the adjunct ingredient tannic acid reduces excessive acute inflammation induced by alum.
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              Analysis and measures for anal stricture following a hemorrhoidectomy

              SW Lim (2006)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Korean Soc Coloproctol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Korean Soc Coloproctol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JKSC
                Title: Journal of the Korean Society of Coloproctology
                Publisher: The Korean Society of Coloproctology
                ISSN (Print): 2093-7822
                ISSN (Electronic): 2093-7830
                Publication date (Print): April 2012
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 April 2012
                Volume: 28
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 73-77
                Affiliations
                Hang Clinic of Coloproctology, Seoul, Korea.
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Seok Won Lim, M.D. Department of Surgery, Hang Clinic of Coloproctology, Kwang-an Building #1643, Chowon-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-902, Korea. Tel: +82-2-855-7175, Fax: +82-2-855-7353, hangclinic@ 123456yahoo.co.kr
                Article
                DOI: 10.3393/jksc.2012.28.2.73
                PMC ID: 3349813
                PubMed ID: 22606645
                SO-VID: 53b76773-5d57-4a97-92f8-b8d2aa35cc1e
                Copyright © © 2012 The Korean Society of Coloproctology
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 02 March 2012
                Date revision received : 12 April 2012
                Date accepted : 13 April 2012
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Internal medicine
                Keywords: hemorrhoid,aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid,injection therapy
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Internal medicine
                Keywords: hemorrhoid, aluminum potassium sulfate and tannic acid, injection therapy

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