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      Fracturas faciales en pacientes menores de veinte años atendidos en la Unidad de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Estomatología del Hospital San Vicente de Paúl y la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia entre los años 1998 y 2007 Translated title: Facial fractures in patients under the age of twenty years of age admitted at the Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology Unit of Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, between the years 1998-2007

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          Abstract

          INTRODUCCIÓN: el propósito de este estudio fue encontrar la incidencia de fracturas de huesos faciales en pacientes menores de veinte años admitidos en la Unidad de Cirugía Maxilofacial y Estomatología del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl y de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, ejecutando un análisis descriptivo retrospectivo. MÉTODOS: se presenta un estudio de 651 pacientes de veinte años de edad o menos, tratados con un total de 1.173 fracturas de huesos faciales durante un periodo de diez años entre 1998 y 2007, considerando la edad, sexo del paciente, tipo y localización común de las fracturas, etiología del trauma, tratamiento empleado, lesiones asociadas y la estancia hospitalaria. Los pacientes se dividieron en cuatro grupos de edad diferentes para su estudio. RESULTADOS: se encontró que la mayoría de las fracturas faciales se presentaron en los varones. La etiología más frecuente de las fracturas de huesos faciales en niños fueron los accidentes de tránsito en motocicleta y las caídas, en todos los grupos de edad. La región del cóndilo mandibular fue el principal sitio comprometido seguido por las fracturas parasinfisiarias, y la fractura Le Fort III fue la menos común. El abordaje de tratamiento más comúnmente utilizado fue la combinación de terapias. CONCLUSIONES: estos resultados documentan que los caracteres etiológicos y la incidencia de fracturas de huesos faciales en pacientes pediátricos incrementó con la edad. Las diferencias observadas deberían tenerse presentes en otros estudios relacionados con fracturas faciales en pacientes pediátricos.

          Translated abstract

          INTRODUCTION: the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of facial bone fractures in patients under the age of twenty years of age admitted at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology at Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl and the University of Antioquia, Medellín, by means of a descriptive retrospective analysis METHODS: six hundred fifty-one patients younger than 20 years f age who were treated for a total of 1173 facial bone fractures during a ten-year period between 1998 and 2007, were studied by age, gender, type and common locations of the fractures, etiology of the injury, method of treatment, associated injuries, and the length of hospitalization. The patients were divided into four different age groups. RESULTS: it was found that the majority of facial fractures are found in males. Motorcycle accidents and falls were the two main causes of facial bone fractures in all age groups. The mandibular condyle region was the major injured site followed by fractures of the parasymphysis, and Le Fort III type was the least common fracture. The most common treatment approach used was thecombined therapy. CONCLUSIONS: these results document that the etiological characters and incidence of facial bone fractures in pediatric patients increased with age. The differences observed should be taken into consideration in studies concerning facial fractures in pediatric patients.

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          Most cited references101

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          Maxillofacial injuries in the pediatric patient.

          Approximately 22 million children are injured in the United States annually. Children are uniquely susceptible to craniofacial trauma because of their greater cranial-mass-to-body ratio. The pediatric population sustains 1% to 14.7% of all facial fractures. The majority of these injuries are encountered by boys (53.7% - 80%) who are involved in motor vehicle accidents (up to 80.2%). The incidence of other systemic injury concomitant to facial trauma is significant (10.4% - 88%). The management of the pediatric patient with maxillofacial injury should take into consideration the differences in anatomy and physiology between children and adults, the presence of concomitant injury, the particular stage in growth and development (anatomic, physiologic, and psychologic), and the specific injuries and anatomic sites that the injuries affect. This comprehensive review, based on the last 25 years of the world's English-speaking surgical literature, presents current thoughts on the anatomic and physiologic differences between adults and children, a synopsis of childhood growth and development, and an overview of state-of-the-art management of the pediatric patient who has sustained maxillofacial injury.
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            Etiology and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in the north of Jordan.

            The objective of this investigation was to determine the causes and incidence of maxillofacial fractures in the country of Jordan. A retrospective review of patient records and radiographs for the 5-year period from 1992 to 1997 was conducted. Data regarding age, gender, cause of fracture, anatomic site, and treatment modalities were reviewed. During the 5-year period, 563 patients with 756 maxillofacial fractures were treated. The age range was 5 to 73 years (mean, 28.8 years). Of the 563 patients, 75.3% were male, with the peak incidence occurring in the age group 20 to 29 years. The bone of fracture was most frequently the mandible (seen in 419 cases, or 74.4% of the total), followed by the maxilla (76 cases; 13.5%), the zygomatic arch (60 cases; 10.7%), and the alveolar process (8 cases; 1.4%). Of the fractures, 55.2% were due to traffic accidents, 19.7% to accidental falls, and 16.9% to assaults. Most patients (82.3%) were treated by closed reduction surgery (45.2% with eyelet wiring; 54.8% with arch bars and intermaxillary fixation). Only 17.7% of patients were treated by open reduction surgery. All maxillary fractures were treated by orbital and circumzygomatic suspension with interdental wiring and intermaxillary fixation. Of the zygomatic complex fractures, 26 cases were treated with Gillies' temporal approach, 20 with percutaneous hook elevation, and 14 with observation alone. The findings support the view that both the causes and the incidence of maxillofacial fractures vary from one country to another.
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              Maxillofacial and associated injuries in severely traumatized patients: implications of a regional survey.

              The aim of this paper was to study the incidence and causes of facial injuries occurring in conjunction with major trauma, and to examine the role of the maxillofacial surgeon in the management of severely injured patients. A prospective study was undertaken of 1088 patients seen in 16 hospitals over a 1-year period. A total of 161 (15%) patients sustained facial injuries. Of these, 33% died at the scene of the incident and 21% died in hospital. There was poor resuscitation in 32% of patients, and a total of 32 injuries were missed in 19 patients. The involvement of the maxillofacial surgeon in the management of severely injured patients is examined. Our findings emphasize the need for early referral to the maxillofacial surgeon. It is concluded that maxillofacial surgery should be an on-site speciality, closely associated with the neurosurgical centre.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rfoua
                Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia
                Rev Fac Odontol Univ Antioq
                Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia )
                0121-246X
                December 2010
                : 22
                : 1
                : 40-49
                Affiliations
                [03] Medellín orgnameUniversidad CES Colombia
                [02] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología Colombia
                [01] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología Colombia
                [04] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología Colombia
                Article
                S0121-246X2010000200006 S0121-246X(10)02200100006
                546d3171-b790-4c35-a7d4-88159cdb8570

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 07 September 2010
                : 14 July 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 69, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Artículos originales derivados de investigación

                niños,trauma maxilofacial,fracturas faciales,children,maxillofacial injuries,facial fractures

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