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      The 2017 terahertz science and technology roadmap

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      Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
      IOP Publishing
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          Terahertz semiconductor-heterostructure laser.

          Semiconductor devices have become indispensable for generating electromagnetic radiation in everyday applications. Visible and infrared diode lasers are at the core of information technology, and at the other end of the spectrum, microwave and radio-frequency emitters enable wireless communications. But the terahertz region (1-10 THz; 1 THz = 10(12) Hz) between these ranges has remained largely underdeveloped, despite the identification of various possible applications--for example, chemical detection, astronomy and medical imaging. Progress in this area has been hampered by the lack of compact, low-consumption, solid-state terahertz sources. Here we report a monolithic terahertz injection laser that is based on interminiband transitions in the conduction band of a semiconductor (GaAs/AlGaAs) heterostructure. The prototype demonstrated emits a single mode at 4.4 THz, and already shows high output powers of more than 2 mW with low threshold current densities of about a few hundred A cm(-2) up to 50 K. These results are very promising for extending the present laser concept to continuous-wave and high-temperature operation, which would lead to implementation in practical photonic systems.
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            Generation of 10μJ ultrashort terahertz pulses by optical rectification

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              Quantum cascade lasers: 20 years of challenges.

              We review the most recent technological and application advances of quantum cascade lasers, underlining the present milestones and future directions from the Mid-infrared to the Terahertz spectral range. Challenges and developments, which are the subject of the contributions to this focus issue, are also introduced.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
                J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
                IOP Publishing
                0022-3727
                1361-6463
                February 02 2017
                February 02 2017
                : 50
                : 4
                : 043001
                Article
                10.1088/1361-6463/50/4/043001
                56a50454-db18-4520-a62c-cb61218e5679
                © 2017
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