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      Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies for Peritoneal Tuberculosis: A Review

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          Abstract

          Peritoneal tuberculosis (PTB), although rarer than its pulmonary counterpart, is a serious health concern in regions of the world with high tuberculosis prevalence. Individuals with baseline immunocompromise condition, whether acquired or medically induced, are at greatest risk for experiencing PTB. While medical treatment of the condition is similar to that of the pulmonary disease, the generally immunocompromised state of those infected with PTB, along with a lack of highly sensitive and specific testing methods make early diagnosis difficult. This review discusses the risks factors, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and treatment options for PTB.

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          American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America: treatment of tuberculosis.

          Henry M. Blumberg, William Burman, Richard Chaisson … (2003)
          Article 0 comments Cited 323 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

            Karen Steingart, Nandini Dendukuri, Madhukar Pai … (2014)
            Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) is endorsed for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the accuracy of Xpert for the detection of extrapulmonary TB. We searched multiple databases to October 15, 2013. We determined the accuracy of Xpert compared with culture and a composite reference standard (CRS). We grouped data by sample type and performed meta-analyses using a bivariate random-effects model. We assessed sources of heterogeneity using meta-regression for predefined covariates. We identified 18 studies involving 4461 samples. Sample processing varied greatly among the studies. Xpert sensitivity differed substantially between sample types. In lymph node tissues or aspirates, Xpert pooled sensitivity was 83.1% (95% CI 71.4-90.7%) versus culture and 81.2% (95% CI 72.4-87.7%) versus CRS. In cerebrospinal fluid, Xpert pooled sensitivity was 80.5% (95% CI 59.0-92.2%) against culture and 62.8% (95% CI 47.7-75.8%) against CRS. In pleural fluid, pooled sensitivity was 46.4% (95% CI 26.3-67.8%) against culture and 21.4% (95% CI 8.8-33.9%) against CRS. Xpert pooled specificity was consistently >98.7% against CRS across different sample types. Based on this systematic review, the World Health Organization now recommends Xpert over conventional tests for diagnosis of TB in lymph nodes and other tissues, and as the preferred initial test for diagnosis of TB meningitis. ©ERS 2014.
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              Abdominal tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract: revisited.

              Uma Debi, Vasudevan Ravisankar, Kaushal Kishor Prasad … (2014)
              Abdominal tuberculosis is an increasingly common disease that poses diagnostic challenge, as the nonspecific features of the disease which may lead to diagnostic delays and development of complications. This condition is regarded as a great mimicker of other abdominal pathology. A high index of suspicion is an important factor in early diagnosis. Abdominal involvement may occur in the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, lymphnodes or solid viscera. Various investigative methods have been used to aid in the diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and initiation of antituberculous therapy and surgical treatment are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality. Most of the patients respond very well to standard antitubercular therapy and surgery is required only in a minority of cases. Imaging plays an important role in diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis because early recognition of this condition is important. We reviewed our experience with the findings on various imaging modalities for diagnosis of this potentially treatable disease.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Clin Transl Hepatol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Clin Transl Hepatol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JCTH
                Title: Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology
                Publisher: XIA & HE Publishing Inc.
                ISSN (Print): 2225-0719
                ISSN (Electronic): 2310-8819
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 May 2019
                Publication date (Print): 28 June 2019
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 140-148
                Affiliations
                [1]Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
                Author notes
                * Correspondence to: Leon D. Averbukh, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, 236 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA. Tel: +1-347-306-4752, Fax: +1-860-679-4613, E-mail: averbukh@ 123456uchc.edu

                The authors have no conflict of interests related to this publication.

                Wrote the manuscript (DCW, LDA), and developed the idea for the article and critically revised it (GYW).

                Article
                Publisher ID: JCTH.2018.00062
                DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2018.00062
                PMC ID: 6609850
                PubMed ID: 31293914
                SO-VID: 593fc02b-cfc8-4876-9fe1-33125e75825f
                Copyright © © 2019 Authors.
                License:

                This article has been published under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits noncommercial unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the following statement is provided. “This article has been published in Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology at DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2018.00062 and can also be viewed on the Journal’s website at http://www.jcthnet.com”.

                History
                Date received : 12 December 2018
                Date revision received : 8 March 2019
                Date accepted : 14 March 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Keywords: peritoneal tuberculosis,tuberculosis,liver disease,human immunodeficiency virus
                Data availability:
                Keywords: peritoneal tuberculosis, tuberculosis, liver disease, human immunodeficiency virus

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