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      Fatores associados ao excesso de peso entre adolescentes de diferentes redes de ensino do município de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo Translated title: Factors associated with overweight among adolescents in different school systems in the municipality of Presidente Prudente in the State of São Paulo

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: analisar associações entre excesso de peso e fatores de risco familiares em diferentes âmbitos escolares. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo/analítico de delineamento transversal com 1779 adolescentes (11 a 17 anos) de ambos os sexos, da rede pública (n=1309) e privada de ensino (n=470). Foram avaliados os fatores familiares: sexo, condição econômica, número de irmãos/televisores e escolaridade dos pais. A razão de prevalência (RP) em modelo univariado e multivariado indicou a magnitude das associações analisadas. RESULTADOS: nas escolas particulares, o excesso de peso associou-se com a escolaridade paterna (RP= 0,68 [0,5-0,9]) e sexo masculino (RP= 1,38 [1,0-1,8]). Nas escolas públicas, com a escolaridade materna (RP= 1,42 [1,1-1,8]), menor número de irmãos (RP= 1,23 [0,9-1,5]) e sexo masculino (RP= 1,32 [1,6-1,6]). CONCLUSÕES: o excesso de peso associou-se com diferentes fatores familiares, dependendo da rede de ensino em que foi analisado.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: to analyze associations between overweight and family risk factors in different school environments. METHODS: a descriptive/analytical cross-sectional study of 1779 adolescents (aged between 11 and 17 years) of both sexes in the public (n=1309) and private (n=470) education systems. Family factors evaluated included: sex, economic circumstances, number of siblings, number of televisions and level of schooling of parents. The prevalence ratio (PR) in a univariate and multivariate model suggested the scale of the associations under study. RESULTS: in private schools, overweight was associated with the level of schooling of the father (RP= 0.68 [0.5-0.9]) and with boys (RP= 1.38 [1.0-1.8]). In public schools it was associated with the level of schooling of the mother (RP= 1.42 [1.1-1.8]), having fewer siblings (RP= 1.23 [0.9-1.5]) and with boys (RP= 1.32 [1.6-1.6]). CONCLUSIONS: overweight is associated with different family factors depending on the kind of school.

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          Income-specific trends in obesity in Brazil: 1975-2003.

          Barry M. Popkin, João C. Monteiro, Wolney Conde (2007)
          We sought to update income-specific secular trends in obesity in Brazil to assess the hypothesis that the disease burden is shifting toward the poor. We compared overall and income-specific obesity prevalence rates estimated for Brazilian men and women from national surveys conducted in 1975, 1989, and 2003. We calculated age-adjusted prevalence ratios to assess time trends. In the first 14-year period examined (1975-1989), obesity rates among men and women increased by 92% and 63%, respectively, and increases were relatively higher among individuals in lower income groups. In the second 14-year period (1989-2003), there were further increases in obesity among men, and again increases were larger among the poor. In this second period, the obesity rate remained virtually stable in the overall female population, but it increased by 26% among women in the 2 lower income quintiles and decreased by 10% among women in the 3 higher income quintiles. The burden of obesity is shifting toward the poor and can no longer be considered a disease of the socioeconomic elite. Policymakers need to design policy and programs that reach all members of society, but especially the poor.
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            Early determinants of physical activity in adolescence: prospective birth cohort study.

            Jonathan C. K. Wells, Carolin F. Reichert, Pedro Curi Hallal … (2006)
            To examine the effects of early social, anthropometric, and behavioural variables on physical activity in adolescence. Prospective birth cohort study. Pelotas, southern Brazil. 4453 adolescents aged 10-12 years participating in the Pelotas 1993 birth cohort study (follow-up rate 87.5%). Sedentary lifestyle (< 300 minutes of physical activity per week) and median physical activity score (minutes per week). The prevalence of a sedentary lifestyle at age 10-12 years was 58.2% (95% confidence interval 56.7% to 59.7%). Risk factors for a sedentary lifestyle in adolescence were female sex, high family income at birth, high maternal education at birth, and low birth order. Weight gain variables at ages 0-1, 1-4, and 4-11 years and overweight at age 1 or 4 years were not significant predictors of physical activity. Levels of physical activity at age 4 years, based on maternal report, were inversely related to a sedentary lifestyle at age 10-12 years. Physical activity in adolescence does not seem to be programmed by physiological factors in infancy. A positive association between birth order and activity may be due to greater intensity of play in childhood and adolescence. Tracking of physical activity from age 4 to 10-12 years, however, suggests that genetic factors or early habit formation may be important.
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              Physical activity, overweight and central adiposity in Swedish children and adolescents: the European Youth Heart Study

              Francisco B. Ortega Porcel, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Michael Sjöström (2007)
              Background The aim of this work was to study the associations of physical activity (PA) and other factors predisposing to overweight, with overweight and central adiposity in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 557 Swedish children (9.5 ± 0.3 y) and 517 adolescents (15.6 ± 0.4 y) from the European Youth Heart Study participated in this study. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations of PA, as measured by accelerometry, and other determinants (i.e. television viewing, birth weight, maternal educational level and parental overweight) with total and central adiposity. Body mass index and waist circumference cut-off values proposed by the IOTF and the Bogalusa Heart Study (i.e. waist measures for predicting risk factors clustering, hereinafter called high-risk waist circumference), respectively, were used. Fatness was estimated from skinfold thicknesses and dichotomized using the 85th sex- and age-specific percentile (high/low). Results Children and adolescents who had a low level (first tertile) of vigorous PA, were more likely to be overweight (including obesity) and to have a high-risk waist circumference, than those with a high level (third tertile) of vigorous PA. Similarly, those subjects who had a low or middle level (second tertile) of total PA were more likely to be overweight than those who had a high level of total PA. Among the PA variables, only vigorous PA was associated with high total fatness. Birth weight and television viewing, were also associated with higher odds of having a high-risk waist circumference, but these associations were attenuated once either total or vigorous PA variable was included in the model. Those subjects who had two overweight parents were more likely to be overweight and to have a high-risk waist circumference independently of PA variables, compared to those whose parents were not overweight. Conclusion Low levels of total PA and especially vigorous PA may play an important role in the development of overweight and excess of central adiposity in children and adolescents, independently of a number of factors such as television viewing and birth weight. In addition, the data suggest that the association between television viewing and central fat deposition could be attenuated if enough vigorous PA is accumulated. Longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): rbsmi
                Title: Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil
                Abbreviated Title: Rev. Bras. Saude Mater. Infant.
                Publisher: Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (Recife, PR, Brazil )
                ISSN (Print): 1519-3829
                ISSN (Electronic): 1806-9304
                Publication date (Print and electronic): December 2009
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 443-449
                Affiliations
                [03] Presidente Prudente SP orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Londrina orgdiv1Departamento de Educação Física Brasil
                [02] orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Londrina orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física
                [01] Rio Claro SP orgnameUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho orgdiv1Instituto de Biociências Brasil
                Article
                Publisher ID: S1519-38292009000400009 Publisher ID: S1519-3829(09)00900409
                DOI: 10.1590/S1519-38292009000400009
                SO-VID: 59f38475-5eb2-40b7-9eed-ce9a81055d56
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Date received : 30 May 2008
                Date accepted : 18 September 2009
                Date revision received : 17 August 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 24, Pages: 7
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                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Subject: Artigos Originais

                Keywords: Sobrepeso,Atividade motora,Ingestão alimentar,Overweight,Risk factors,Motor activity,Food intake,Fatores de risco
                Data availability:
                Keywords: Sobrepeso, Atividade motora, Ingestão alimentar, Overweight, Risk factors, Motor activity, Food intake, Fatores de risco

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