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      Metanálisis de pruebas inmunológicas para el diagnóstico de la infección por Paracoccidioides, 1972-2017 Translated title: Meta-analysis of immunological tests for the diagnosis of Paracoccidioides infection, 1972-2017

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la validez diagnóstica de las pruebas inmunológicas en la infección por Paracoccidioides, a partir de un metaanálisis de la literatura publicada entre 1972-2017. Métodos: Se realizó un metanálisis según las fases de identificación, tamización, elección e inclusión descritas en la guía PRISMA. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica con la guía QUADAS y se garantizó la reproducibilidad en la selección de estudios y extracción de la información. Se estimó la sensibilidad, especificidad, razones de verosimilitud, OR diagnóstica y área bajo la curva ROC usando Meta-DiSc. Resultados: Se identificaron 21 estudios que evaluaron 32 pruebas diagnósticas con una población de 1.404 individuos sanos, 2.415 con otras infecciones y 2.337 con Paracoccidioides. La mayoría de pacientes son de Brasil y Colombia. Las pruebas analizadas incluyen inmunodifusión, western blot, ELISA, aglutinación en látex. Las pruebas presentaron una sensibilidad y especificidad superior al 90%, razón de verosimilitud positiva y negativa de 24,7 y 0,08 respectivamente. La OR diagnóstica fue 495,9 y el área bajo la curva de 0,99. En la meta-regresión por tipo de antígeno se encontró que las mezclas de antígenos y el gp43 presentaron resultados satisfactorios en todos los parámetros; por su parte, los que utilizaron el antígeno p27 no presentaron resultados aceptables en ninguno de los parámetros. Conclusión: La elevada validez diagnóstica hallada en las pruebas serológicas que utilizan mezclas de antígenos o gp43 purificada evidencia la pertinencia de su uso en clínica y en programas de tamización.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic validity of the immunological tests in Paracoccidioides infection, from a meta-analysis of the literature published between 1970-2017. Methods: Meta-analysis according to the identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion phases of PRISMA. The methodological quality was evaluated with the QUADAS guide and the reproducibility in the selection of studies and extraction of the information was guaranteed. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, diagnostic OR and area under the ROC curve were estimated using Meta-DiSc. Results: We identified 21 studies that evaluated 32 diagnostic tests with a population of 1404 healthy individuals, 2415 with other infections and 2337 with Paracoccidioides. The majority of patients are from Brazil and Colombia. The tests analyzed include immunodiffusion, western blot, ELISA, latex agglutination. The tests presented a sensitivity and specificity higher than 90%, positive and negative likelihood ratio of 24,7 and 0,08 respectively. The diagnostic OR was 495,9 and the area under the curve was 0,99. In the meta-regression by type of antigen it was found that mixtures of antigens and gp43 showed satisfactory results in all parameters; those who used the p27 antigen did not present acceptable results in any of the parameters. Conclusion: The diagnostic validity of the serological tests using mixtures of antigens or purifed gp43 is clinically similar, for the other antigens the validity was scarce.

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          Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement.

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            Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and paracoccidioidomycosis: molecular approaches to morphogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology, taxonomy and genetics.

            Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is an amenable model to study the molecular and biochemical events that lead to morphological transition in fungi, because temperature seems to be the only factor regulating this process. It is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, a systemic mycosis that affects humans and that is geographically confined to Latin America, where it constitutes one of the most prevalent deep mycoses. With the help of molecular tools, events leading to the morphological transition have been traced to genes that control cell wall glucan and chitin syntheses, and other metabolic processes such as production of heat shock proteins and ornithine decarboxylase activity. Molecular diagnosis and epidemiology of paracoccidioidomycosis are also the focus of intensive research, with several primers being proposed as specific probes for clinical and field uses. Although P. brasiliensis is refractory to cytogenetic analysis, electrophoretic methods have allowed an approximation of its genomic organization and ploidy. Finally, the recognition of P. brasiliensis as an anamorph in the phylum Ascomycota, order Onygenales, family Onygenaceae, has been accomplished by means of molecular tools. This phylogenetic placement has revised the taxonomic position of this fungus, which was traditionally included within now-abandoned higher anamorph taxa, the phylum Deuteromycota and the class Hyphomycetes.
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              Paracoccidioidomycosis: epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and treatment up-dating*

              Paracoccidioidomycosis is an acute - to chronic systemic mycosis caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. Due to its frequent tegument clinical expression, paracoccidioidomycosis is an important disease for dermatologists, who must be up-to-date about it. This article focuses on recent epidemiological data and discusses the new insights coming from molecular studies, as well as those related to clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. In the latter section, we give particular attention to the guideline on paracoccidioidomycosis organized by specialists in this subject.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                inf
                Infectio
                Infect.
                Asociación Colombiana de Infectología. (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0123-9392
                June 2019
                : 23
                : 2
                : 167-174
                Affiliations
                [1] Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Escuela de Microbiología Colombia
                [3] Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Escuela de Microbiología Colombia
                [2] Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Escuela de Microbiología Colombia
                Article
                S0123-93922019000200167
                10.22354/in.v23i2.774
                5b33ef66-25cd-4ff9-befb-e2090a0edd62

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 April 2018
                : 18 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 46, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos originales

                Paracoccidioides,Diagnosis,Meta-Analysis,Paracoccidiodes,Diagnóstico,metanálisis

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