Prevalence Of Under﻿nutrition And Associated Factors Among Adults Receiving First-Line Antiretroviral Treatment In Public Health Facilities Of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia

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Abstract

Introduction

Access to antiretroviral drugs for all infected persons in need is a global health priority. The primary goals of initiating antiretroviral drugs are to suppress human immunodeficiency virus viral replication and to restore immune function. However, adequate nutrition is necessary to manage opportunistic infections and to maintain the immune system. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the recent prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among HIV patients receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia.

Methods

Institution-based cross-sectional study was used among 333 adult patients receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy at public health facilities of Arba Minch town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with undernutrition. A p-value <0.05 with a 95% confidence level was used to declare statistical significance.

Results

The overall prevalence of undernutrition among adult patients receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy is 23.72% (95% CI: 19.13–28.27%). Current substance use (AOR=1.83, 95% CI:1.09–3.08), duration on antiretroviral therapy (AOR=1.87, 95% CI:1.06–3.30), not taking cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (AOR=2.09, 95% CI:1.15–3.82), advanced WHO clinical stages (AOR=5.1, 95% CI: 2.9–7.7), CD4 count less than 350 cell/mm ³ (AOR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.09–3.05) and active tuberculosis (AOR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.02–3.53) were factors significantly associated with undernutrition among respondents who were enrolled on first-line antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion

This study shows that the prevalence of undernutrition was high among adult patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy. Therefore, this finding shows the need to implement nutrition programs to improve the nutritional status of adults living with HIV in the study area. The interventions should emphasise those patients who use the substance, who are in advanced WHO clinical stage and have active tuberculosis. Besides, emphasis should be given for patients to undertake cotrimoxazole preventive therapy and to regularly follow their CD4 count.

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Most cited references 5

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Substance use and associated factors among Debre Berhan University students, Central Ethiopia

Tesfay Birhane Gebremariam, Kalayu Birhane Mruts, Tedla Neway (2018)

Background Being a global burden of youths, substances use is unhealthy behavior that exposes youths to health and social problems. Knowledge of the prevalence and predictors of substance use behavior among university students is important for designing periodic and locally appropriate interventions. This study is conducted to assess the prevalence and predicators of substances among Debre Berhan University students. Methods Cross-sectional quantitative study was employed in May 2016. Stratified two-stage sampling technique was applied to choose 695 students. Substance use behaviors were assessed using tools derived from World Health Organization Model Students’ Substance Use Core Questionnaire. Result The lifetime utilization of alcohol, khat and cigarette among students was found to be 36.3%, 10.9% and 7.4% respectively. The lifetime utilization of shisha and cannabis was 4.2% and 4.5% respectively. About 17%, 5.7%, and 3.1% of students are currently using alcohol, Khat and Cigarette respectively. Using multivariate binary logistic regression, being male, feeding out of the university café, being from private preparatory school, having higher monthly income, having substance user families and friends were found to be variables significantly associated with students’ substance use behaviors. Conclusions The current prevalence of substances use among Debre Berhan University students is low comparing to other Ethiopian and African universities. Youth are starting substance use at lower grades especially at preparatory schools. Substance use behaviors are affected by complex factors at individual, family, school, social, and environmental factors. Therefore, strategies to alleviate youth substance use problems should focus on changing individual perception, knowledge, and intention towards substances. There is a need for further research with more powerful sample size and weighted estimates using complex analysis. Reasons for lower prevalence of substance use from other Ethiopian universities shall be further explored using qualitative study.

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HIV positive sero-status disclosure and its determinants among people living with HIV /AIDS following ART clinic in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia: a facility- based cross-sectional study

Tamiru Tesfaye, Jiregna Darega, Tefera Belachew … (2018)

Abstracts Background Even though, the disclosure of HIV sero- status to sexual partners, friends or relatives is the main tool for prevention and care strategies, most of the HIV/AIDS patients do not inform their close friends. The most common reasons for not disclosure of their status to the community were majorly fear of social rejection and discriminations. Therefore, this study assessed the HIV positive sero-status disclosure and its determinants among People Living with HIV /AIDS (PLWH/A) followed by the Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Clinic in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study design was used among 351 ART patients that selected by systematic random sampling from ART clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital in March-2014. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. In a descriptive analysis frequency, mean and percentage were calculated. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify associated factors and the association between the explanatory and dependent variables was estimated. Results Only 37.6% (n = 132) were revealed their HIV positive status to anyone. Disclosure was done towards the sexual partners (88.6%), close family (72.7%) and a larger population (18.2%). Age ≤ 39 years (AOR = 0.014 [95%, CI = 0.005, 0.037]),Male sex (AOR = 3.039, [95% CI = 1.164, 7.935]), WHO stage III – IV at ART start(AOR = 2.766, [95%, CI = 1.321, 5.791]), presence of comorbidity (AOR = 2.500, [95%, CI = 1.483, 4.214]), having any clinical symptoms for HIV(AOR = 2.98, [95%, CI = 1.724, 5.152]),Low physical domain related quality of life (AOR = 3.83, [95%, CI = 2.008, 7.315]) and high social domain related quality of life (AOR = 0.053, [95%, CI = 0.022, 0.125]) were statistically significant association with their HIV sero-status disclosure. Conclusions Findings of this study indicated, the disclosure of HIV status is very low. Discloser is more likely when the patient is older, male, and has a higher level of education. Clinical determinants for disclosure was the WHO stage III-IV, treatment duration of ≥2 years, comorbidity, presence of clinical symptoms for HIV, low physical domain related quality of life, low social domain related quality of life and low overall quality of life.

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Assessment of Adult Nutritional Status and Associated Factors Among ART Users in Nekemte Referral Hospital and Health Center, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia

Meskerem Alemayehu kenea (2015)

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): HIV AIDS (Auckl)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): HIV AIDS (Auckl)

Journal ID (publisher-id): HIV

Journal ID (pmc): hiv

Title: HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)

Publisher: Dove

ISSN (Electronic): 1179-1373

Publication date (Electronic): 28 November 2019

Publication date Collection: 2019

Volume: 11

Pages: 313-320

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University , Arba Minch, Ethiopia

[2 ]Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University , Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Author notes

Correspondence: Negussie Boti Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University , Arba Minch, Ethiopia Email hanehalid@gmail.com

Author information

Bilcha Oumer http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2881-6402

Negussie Boti http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8949-573X

Teklemariam Gultie http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7266-8569

Article

Publisher ID: 222611

DOI: 10.2147/HIV.S222611

PMC ID: 6886549

PubMed ID: 31819662

SO-VID: 609fbe58-6ea0-4800-89bd-0643eb57817f

License:

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms ( https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).

History

Date received : 10 July 2019

Date accepted : 07 November 2019

Page count

Tables: 3, References: 18, Pages: 8

Funding

Funded by: Arba Minch University

Arba Minch University supports this research financially. The university has no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data and in writing the manuscript.