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      GENERALIDADES DE LOS UREDINALES(Fungi: Basidiomycota) Y DE SUS RELACIONES FILOGENÉTICAS Translated title: Fundamentals Of Rust Fungi (Fungi: Basidiomycota)And Their Phylogentic Relationships

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          Abstract

          Los hongos-roya (Uredinales, Basidiomycetes) representan uno de los grupos de microorganismos fitoparásitos más diversos y con mayor importancia económica mundial en la producción agrícola y forestal. Se caracterizan por ser patógenos obligados y por presentar una estrecha coevolución con sus hospedantes vegetales. Su taxonomía se ha basado fundamentalmente en el estudio de caracteres morfológicos, resultando en muchos casos en la formación de taxones polifiléticos. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se han tratado de incorporar herramientas moleculares que conduzcan a la generación de sistemas de clasificación basados en afinidades evolutivas. En esta revisión se ofrece una mirada general a las características de los uredinales, enfatizando en el surgimiento reciente de estudios filogenéticos que plantean la necesidad de establecer una profunda revisión de la taxonomía de este grupo. Finalmente se alerta sobre la necesidad de que en dichos estudios taxonómicos se incluya un alto número de especies de royas neotropicales, pues esta zona es reconocida no sólo por su alta diversidad de hongos-royas, sino también por las características únicas de sus ciclos de vida.

          Translated abstract

          Rust fungi (Uredinales, Basidiomycetes) are one of the most diverse and economically important plant pathogens of crops world-wide. They are obligated parasites and have a close evolutionary relationship with their plant hosts. Taxonomy of this group has been based on morphological treats, resulting in generation of polyphyletic taxa. Recently, different studies have incorporated molecular techniques addressed to establishing evolutionary affinities between these fungi. This review presents a general view of the biological characteristics of rust fungi, with a detailed discussion on the phylogenetic studies regarding the group. Finally, the review proposes the necessity to establish phylogenetic studies on rust fungi from the neotropics, where these fungi present a very high diversity and unique life cycles.

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          A molecular phylogeny of Phytophthora and related oomycetes.

          Phylogenetic relationships among 50 Phytophthora species and between Phytophthora and other oomycetes were examined on the basis of the ITS sequences of genomic rDNA. Phytophthora grouped with Pythium, Peronospora, and Halophytophthora, distant from genera in the Saprolegniales. Albugo was intermediate between these two groups. Unlike Pythium, Phytophthora was essentially monophyletic, all but three species forming a cluster of eight clades. Two clades contained only species with nonpapillate sporangia. The other six clades included either papillate and semipapillate, or semipapillate and nonpapillate types, transcending traditional morphological groupings, which are evidently not natural assemblages. Peronospora was related to P. megakarya and P. palmivora and appears to be derived from a Phytophthora that has both lost the ability to produce zoospores and become an obligate biotroph. Three other Phytophthoras located some distance from the main Phytophthora-Peronospora cluster probably represent one or more additional genera.
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            Taxonomy and phylogeny of Gliocladium analysed from nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA sequences

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              Toward resolving family-level relationships in rust fungi (Uredinales)

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                abc
                Acta Biológica Colombiana
                Acta biol.Colomb.
                Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0120-548X
                April 2009
                : 14
                : 1
                : 41-56
                Affiliations
                [01] Medellín orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas Colombia cmzulua1@ 123456unalmed.edu.co
                [03] Medellín orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular Colombia mamarinm@ 123456unal.edu.co
                [02] Medellín orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias orgdiv2Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas Colombia pburitica@ 123456unalmed.edu.co
                Article
                S0120-548X2009000100003 S0120-548X(09)01400103
                62a6bf88-f036-408f-ba1b-f508cc764188

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

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                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 63, Pages: 16
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                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
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                teliosporas,phylogeny,Puccinia,rust fungi,sequencing,teliospores,filogenia,hongos-roya,secuenciación

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