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      General synthesis of 2D rare-earth oxide single crystals with tailorable facets

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          Abstract

          Two-dimensional (2D) rare-earth oxides (REOs) are a large family of materials with various intriguing applications and precise facet control is essential for investigating new properties in the 2D limit. However, a bottleneck remains with regard to obtaining their 2D single crystals with specific facets because of the intrinsic non-layered structure and disparate thermodynamic stability of different facets. Herein, for the first time, we achieve the synthesis of a wide variety of high-quality 2D REO single crystals with tailorable facets via designing a hard-soft-acid-base couple for controlling the 2D nucleation of the predetermined facets and adjusting the growth mode and direction of crystals. Also, the facet-related magnetic properties of 2D REO single crystals were revealed. Our approach provides a foundation for further exploring other facet-dependent properties and various applications of 2D REO, as well as inspiration for the precise growth of other non-layered 2D materials.

          Abstract

          The synthesis of a wide variety of high-quality 2D rare-earth oxide single crystals with tailorable facets is achieved via designing a hard-soft-acid-base couple for controlling the 2D nucleation and growth of the predetermined facets.

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          Activation of surface lattice oxygen in single-atom Pt/CeO2for low-temperature CO oxidation

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            Shape-controlled synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles.

            Monodisperse samples of silver nanocubes were synthesized in large quantities by reducing silver nitrate with ethylene glycol in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). These cubes were single crystals and were characterized by a slightly truncated shape bounded by [100], [110], and [111] facets. The presence of PVP and its molar ratio (in terms of repeating unit) relative to silver nitrate both played important roles in determining the geometric shape and size of the product. The silver cubes could serve as sacrificial templates to generate single-crystalline nanoboxes of gold: hollow polyhedra bounded by six [100] and eight [111] facets. Controlling the size, shape, and structure of metal nanoparticles is technologically important because of the strong correlation between these parameters and optical, electrical, and catalytic properties.
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              Observation of a many-body dynamical phase transition with a 53-qubit quantum simulator

              A quantum simulator is a type of quantum computer that controls the interactions between quantum bits (or qubits) in a way that can be mapped to certain quantum many-body problems. As it becomes possible to exert more control over larger numbers of qubits, such simulators will be able to tackle a wider range of problems, such as materials design and molecular modelling, with the ultimate limit being a universal quantum computer that can solve general classes of hard problems. Here we use a quantum simulator composed of up to 53 qubits to study non-equilibrium dynamics in the transverse-field Ising model with long-range interactions. We observe a dynamical phase transition after a sudden change of the Hamiltonian, in a regime in which conventional statistical mechanics does not apply. The qubits are represented by the spins of trapped ions, which can be prepared in various initial pure states. We apply a global long-range Ising interaction with controllable strength and range, and measure each individual qubit with an efficiency of nearly 99 per cent. Such high efficiency means that arbitrary many-body correlations between qubits can be measured in a single shot, enabling the dynamical phase transition to be probed directly and revealing computationally intractable features that rely on the long-range interactions and high connectivity between qubits.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Natl Sci Rev
                Natl Sci Rev
                nsr
                National Science Review
                Oxford University Press
                2095-5138
                2053-714X
                May 2022
                23 August 2021
                23 August 2021
                : 9
                : 5
                : nwab153
                Affiliations
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006, China
                Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden , Dresden 01069, Germany
                College of Physics, Optoelectronics and Energy, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Suzhou 215006, China
                Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden , Dresden 01069, Germany
                Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences , Zabrze 41-819, Poland
                Institute of Environmental Technology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava , Ostrava 708 33, Czech Republic
                Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
                Author notes
                Corresponding author. E-mail: zengmq_lan@ 123456whu.edu.cn
                Corresponding author. E-mail: leifu@ 123456whu.edu.cn

                Linyang Li and Fangyun Lu are equally contributed to this work.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3315-3105
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-4422
                Article
                nwab153
                10.1093/nsr/nwab153
                9113103
                35591917
                62dab1b5-bf49-4ee7-8e15-ba29bee3166e
                © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of China Science Publishing & Media Ltd.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 21 May 2021
                : 20 July 2021
                : 05 August 2021
                : 05 January 2022
                Page count
                Pages: 8
                Funding
                Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China, DOI 10.13039/501100001809;
                Award ID: 51672181
                Award ID: 22025303
                Award ID: 21905210
                Categories
                MATERIALS SCIENCE
                Special Topic: Two-Dimensional Functional Materials
                Research Article
                AcademicSubjects/MED00010
                AcademicSubjects/SCI00010

                2d materials,cerium,crystal engineering,rare earth,cvd
                2d materials, cerium, crystal engineering, rare earth, cvd

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