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      Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Intervertebral Disc Degeneration In Vivo and In Vitro: A Critical Review

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          Abstract

          Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a globally occurring disease that represents a significant cause of socioeconomic problems. Currently, the main method for treating IDD is surgery, including discectomy and vertebral fusion. Several in vitro experiments demonstrated that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could stimulate cell proliferation and extracellular matrix regeneration. Additionally, in vivo experiments have proven that PRP injection could restore intervertebral disc height. Clinical studies demonstrated that PRP injection could significantly relieve patient pain. However, further studies are still required to clarify the roles of PRP in IDD prevention and treatment. This review is aimed at summarizing and critically analyzing the current evidence regarding IDD treatment with PRP.

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          Intervertebral disc ageing and degeneration: the antiapoptotic effect of oestrogen

          Sidong Yang, Feng Zhang, Jiangtao Ma … (2019)
          As an important part of the spinal column, the intervertebral disc (IVD) plays an important role in the intervertebral juncture and spinal movement in general. IVD degeneration (IVDD), which mimics disc ageing but at an accelerated rate, is a common and chronic process that results in severe spinal symptoms, such as lower back pain. It is generally assumed that lower back pain caused by IVDD can also develop secondary conditions, including spinal canal stenosis, spinal segmental instability, osteophyte formation, disc herniation and spinal cord and nerve root compression. Over the past few years, many researchers around the world have widely studied the relevance between oestrogen and IVDD, indicating that oestrogen can effectively alleviate IVDD development by inhibiting the apoptosis of IVD cells. Oestrogen can decrease IVD cell apoptosis in multiple ways, including the inhibition of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, reducing catabolism because of inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, upregulating integrin α2β1 and IVD anabolism, activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, decreasing oxidative damage and promoting autophagy. In this article, we perform an overview of the literature regarding the antiapoptotic effect of oestrogen in IVDD.
          Article 0 comments Cited 145 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Platelet-rich plasma stimulates porcine articular chondrocyte proliferation and matrix biosynthesis.

            X. An, Koichi Masuda, M Lenz … (2006)
            Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a fraction of plasma that contains high levels of multiple growth factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PRP on cell proliferation and matrix synthesis by porcine chondrocytes cultured in alginate beads, conditions that promote the retention of the chondrocytic phenotype, in order to determine the plausibility of using this plasma-derived material for engineering cartilage. PRP and platelet-poor plasma (PPP) were prepared from adult porcine blood. Adult porcine chondrocytes were cultured in the presence of 10% PRP, 10% PPP or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 3 days. Cell proliferation, proteoglycan (PG) and collagen synthesis were quantified, and the structure of newly synthesized PG and collagen was characterized. Treatment with 10% PRP resulted in a small but significant increase in DNA content (+11%, vs FBS; P<0.01; vs PPP; P<0.001). PG and collagen syntheses by the PRP-treated chondrocytes were markedly higher than those by chondrocytes treated by FBS or PPP (PG; PRP: +115% vs FBS; +151% vs PPP, both P<0.0001, collagen; PRP: +163% vs FBS; +163% vs PPP, both P<0.0001). Biochemical analyses revealed that treatment with PRP growth factors did not markedly affect the types of PGs and collagens produced by porcine chondrocytes, suggesting that the cells remained phenotypically stable in the presence of PRP. PRP isolated from autologous blood may be useful as a source of anabolic growth factors for stimulating chondrocytes to engineer cartilage tissue.
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              Lumbar Intradiskal Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study

              Yetsa Tuakli-Wosornu, Alon Terry, Kwadwo Boachie-Adjei … (2016)
              To determine whether single injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) into symptomatic degenerative intervertebral disks will improve participant-reported pain and function.
              Article 0 comments Cited 67 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Gang Xu:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-2882
                Zhonghai Li:
                ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-1193
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Oxid Med Cell Longev
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Oxid Med Cell Longev
                Journal ID (publisher-id): OMCL
                Title: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
                Publisher: Hindawi
                ISSN (Print): 1942-0900
                ISSN (Electronic): 1942-0994
                Publication date Collection: 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 21 November 2020
                Volume: 2020
                Electronic Location Identifier: 8893819
                Affiliations
                1Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
                2Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopaedic Diseases, Liaoning Province, China
                Author notes

                Academic Editor: Sidong Yang

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-0948
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9331-4134
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-118X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-4112
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-2882
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-1193
                Article
                DOI: 10.1155/2020/8893819
                PMC ID: 7704139
                PubMed ID: 33299533
                SO-VID: 6612b5a0-7d51-499a-ba28-6cf9cecf7e75
                Copyright © Copyright © 2020 Yvang Chang et al.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 6 September 2020
                Date revision received : 2 November 2020
                Date accepted : 4 November 2020
                Funding
                Funded by: Dalian Medical University
                Award ID: DYLX19010
                Funded by: Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Dalian
                Award ID: 2020JJ27SN070
                Funded by: Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province
                Award ID: 2019-BS-079
                Funded by: Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program
                Award ID: XLYC1807131
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Molecular medicine

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