A combination of cytokeratin 5/6, p63, p40 and MUC5AC are useful for distinguishing squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma of the cervix

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Abstract

Purpose

Squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas are the most common types of cervical cancer. Compared to squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas are more common in younger women and have a poorer prognosis. Yet, so far, no useful biomarkers have been developed for these two types of cancer. In the following study, we examined the combination of cytokeratin 5/6, p63, p40 and MUC5AC for distinguishing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from adenocarcinoma of the cervix (AEC).

Materials and methods

A total of 101 SCC and 108 AEC were collected. Immunohistochemical analyses were conducted to determine the expression of CK5/6, p63, p40, CK7 and MUC5AC. One pathologist who was blinded to the patient’s clinical and pathological data interpreted the staining results.

Results

MUC5AC and CK7 were detected in 81.48 and 82.41% of AEC cases compared to 9.9 and 49.50% of SCC cases ( P < 0.05); the specificity of MUC5AC was higher than that of CK7 in AEC (P < 0.05). The sensitivity of MUC5AC combined with p40 or p63 was similar to that of CK7, but the specificity was slightly higher than that of CK7 in AEC. Moreover, the expression of MUC5AC was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation in adenocarcinomas ( P = 0.036) and was not related to the prognosis of cervical adenocarcinoma and subtypes.

Conclusions

MUC5AC may be useful as a biomarker for differential diagnoses between squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix.

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Most cited references 29

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Breast and cervical cancer in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis.

Mohammad Forouzanfar, Kyle J Foreman, Allyne M Delossantos … (2011)

Breast and cervical cancer are important causes of mortality in women aged ≥15 years. We undertook annual age-specific assessments of breast and cervical cancer in 187 countries. We systematically collected cancer registry data on mortality and incidence, vital registration, and verbal autopsy data for the period 1980-2010. We modelled the mortality-to-incidence (MI) ratio using a hierarchical model. Vital registration and verbal autopsy were supplemented with incidence multiplied by the MI ratio to yield a comprehensive database of mortality rates. We used Gaussian process regression to develop estimates of mortality with uncertainty by age, sex, country, and year. We used out-of-sample predictive validity to select the final model. Estimates of incidence with uncertainty were also generated with mortality and MI ratios. Global breast cancer incidence increased from 641,000 (95% uncertainty intervals 610,000-750,000) cases in 1980 to 1,643,000 (1,421,000-1,782,000) cases in 2010, an annual rate of increase of 3·1%. Global cervical cancer incidence increased from 378,000 (256,000-489,000) cases per year in 1980 to 454,000 (318,000-620,000) cases per year in 2010-a 0·6% annual rate of increase. Breast cancer killed 425,000 (359,000-453,000) women in 2010, of whom 68,000 (62,000-74,000) were aged 15-49 years in developing countries. Cervical cancer death rates have been decreasing but the disease still killed 200,000 (139,000-276,000) women in 2010, of whom 46,000 (33,000-64,000) were aged 15-49 years in developing countries. We recorded pronounced variation in the trend in breast cancer mortality across regions and countries. More policy attention is needed to strengthen established health-system responses to reduce breast and cervical cancer, especially in developing countries. Susan G Komen for the Cure and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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p63 Is essential for the proliferative potential of stem cells in stratified epithelia.

Makoto Senoo, Filipa C.S.C. Pinto, Christopher Crum … (2007)

The distinguishing feature of adult stem cells is their extraordinary capacity to divide prior to the onset of senescence. While stratified epithelia such as skin, prostate, and breast are highly regenerative and account disproportionately for human cancers, genes essential for the proliferative capacity of their stem cells remain unknown. Here we analyze p63, a gene whose deletion in mice results in the catastrophic loss of all stratified epithelia. We demonstrate that p63 is strongly expressed in epithelial cells with high clonogenic and proliferative capacity and that stem cells lacking p63 undergo a premature proliferative rundown. Additionally, we show that p63 is dispensable for both the commitment and differentiation of these stem cells during tissue morphogenesis. Together, these data identify p63 as a key, lineage-specific determinant of the proliferative capacity in stem cells of stratified epithelia.

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Structure and function of the polymeric mucins in airways mucus.

David J. Thornton, Karine Rousseau, Michael McGuckin (2008)

The airways mucus gel performs a critical function in defending the respiratory tract against pathogenic and environmental challenges. In normal physiology, the secreted mucins, in particular the polymeric mucins MUC5AC and MUC5B, provide the organizing framework of the airways mucus gel and are major contributors to its rheological properties. However, overproduction of mucins is an important factor in the morbidity and mortality of chronic airways disease (e.g., asthma, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The roles of these enormous, multifunctional, O-linked glycoproteins in health and disease are discussed.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Xiaofang Zhang: xiaofangzhang@sdu.edu.cn

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Diagn Pathol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Diagn Pathol

Title: Diagnostic Pathology

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1746-1596

Publication date (Electronic): 26 August 2020

Publication date PMC-release: 26 August 2020

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 15

Electronic Location Identifier: 104

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Pathology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, Shandong P. R. China

[2 ]GRID grid.27255.37, ISNI 0000 0004 1761 1174, Department of Pathology, , School of basic Medical Science; Shandong University, ; Jinan, Shandong P. R. China

[3 ]Department of Pathology, the Fourth Hospital of Jinan & the third affiliated hospital of Shandong first medical university, Jinan, Shandong P. R. China

[4 ]GRID grid.440323.2, Department of Oncology, , Yuhuangding Hospital, ; Yantai, Shandong P. R. China

[5 ]GRID grid.27255.37, ISNI 0000 0004 1761 1174, Department of Pathology, , School of basic Medical Science, Shandong University, ; Jinan, 250012 Shandong P. R. China

Article

Publisher ID: 1018

DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-01018-7

PMC ID: 7448498

PubMed ID: 32843061

SO-VID: 6748f6ce-b60d-49b1-9954-72db7faf2486

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 2 July 2020

Date accepted : 10 August 2020

Funding

Funded by: Xiaofang Zhang

Award ID: No 81502279

Award Recipient : Xiaotong Jing

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Pathology

Keywords: cervical adenocarcinoma,cervical squamous cell carcinoma,muc5ac,ck7

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Pathology

Keywords: cervical adenocarcinoma, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, muc5ac, ck7

A combination of cytokeratin 5/6, p63, p40 and MUC5AC are useful for distinguishing squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma of the cervix

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Abstract

Purpose

Materials and methods

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Vaccines

Most cited references 29

Breast and cervical cancer in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis.

p63 Is essential for the proliferative potential of stem cells in stratified epithelia.

Structure and function of the polymeric mucins in airways mucus.

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